Own the gold standard ✨ in financial data & analytics
fair value · 20 million securities worldwide · 50 year history · 10 year estimates · leading business news

Subscribe for $2
Overview
Profile

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock

SENHENG.KL
MYL5305OO007

Price

0.32 MYR
Today +/-
+0 MYR
Today %
+0 %
P

Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue, EBIT, Net Income

  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Revenue
EBIT
Net Income
Details

Revenue, EBIT and Profit

Understanding Revenue, EBIT, and Income

Gain insights into Senheng New Retail Bhd, a comprehensive overview of its financial performance can be obtained by analyzing the Revenue, EBIT, and Income chart. Revenue represents the total income generated by Senheng New Retail Bhd from its primary operations, showcasing the company’s ability to attract and retain clients. EBIT, or Earnings Before Interest and Taxes, indicates the company’s operational profitability, free from the influence of tax and interest expenses. The Income section reflects Senheng New Retail Bhd’s net earnings, an ultimate measure of its financial health and profitability.

Yearly Analysis and Comparisons

Observe the yearly bars to understand the annual performance and growth of Senheng New Retail Bhd. Compare the Revenue, EBIT, and Income to evaluate the company’s efficiency and profitability. A higher EBIT compared to the previous year suggests an improvement in operational efficiency. Likewise, an increase in Income indicates enhanced overall profitability. Analyzing the year-to-year comparison assists investors in understanding the company’s growth trajectory and operational efficiency.

Utilizing Expectations for Investment

The expected values for the forthcoming years offer investors a glimpse into Senheng New Retail Bhd’s anticipated financial performance. Analyzing these projections alongside historical data aids in making informed investment decisions. Investors can gauge the potential risks and returns, aligning their investment strategies accordingly to optimize profitability and mitigate risks.

Investment Insights

Leveraging the comparison between Revenue and EBIT helps in assessing Senheng New Retail Bhd’s operational efficiency, while the Revenue and Income comparison reveals the net profitability after accounting for all expenses. Investors can derive valuable insights by meticulously analyzing these financial parameters, laying the foundation for strategic investment decisions aimed at capitalizing on Senheng New Retail Bhd’s growth potential.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue, EBIT and net profit per share

DateSenheng New Retail Bhd RevenueSenheng New Retail Bhd EBITSenheng New Retail Bhd Net Income
2025e1.6 B MYR85.68 M MYR64.26 M MYR
2024e1.54 B MYR95.88 M MYR62.73 M MYR
20231.32 B MYR33.08 M MYR25.02 M MYR
20221.56 B MYR86.76 M MYR60.52 M MYR
20211.44 B MYR87.77 M MYR65.26 M MYR
20201.29 B MYR77.33 M MYR55.64 M MYR
20191.14 B MYR65.45 M MYR49.56 M MYR
20181.17 B MYR77.64 M MYR61.06 M MYR

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock Ratios

  • Simple

  • Expanded

  • Income Statement

  • Balance Sheet

  • Cashflow

 
REVENUE (B MYR)REVENUE GROWTH (%)GROSS MARGIN (%)GROSS INCOME (M MYR)EBIT (M MYR)EBIT MARGIN (%)NET INCOME (M MYR)NET INCOME GROWTH (%)DIV. (MYR)DIV. GROWTH (%)SHARES (B)DOCUMENTS
2018201920202021202220232024e2025e
1.171.141.291.441.561.321.541.6
--2.3913.1111.598.17-15.8116.734.43
22.2721.4220.8720.9821.7720.99--
26124527030334027600
7765778786339585
6.575.685.956.025.512.516.195.30
6149556560256264
--19.6712.2418.18-7.69-58.33148.003.23
--------
--------
1.51.51.51.51.51.500
--------
Details

Keystats

Revenue and Growth

The Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue and Revenue Growth are pivotal to understanding the company's financial health and operational efficiency. A consistent increase in revenue indicates a company’s ability to effectively market and sell its products or services, while the revenue growth percentage offers insights into the pace at which the company is expanding over the years.

Gross Margin

The Gross Margin is a crucial metric that showcases the percentage of revenue exceeding the cost of goods sold (COGS). A higher gross margin is indicative of a company’s efficiency in controlling its production costs, thereby promising potential profitability and financial stability.

EBIT and EBIT Margin

EBIT (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes) and EBIT Margin offer deep insights into a company’s profitability, excluding the impacts of interest and taxes. Investors often assess these metrics to gauge the operational efficiency and inherent profitability of a business, separate from its financial structure and tax environment.

Income and Growth

Net Income and its subsequent growth are quintessential for investors looking to understand a company’s profitability. Consistent income growth underscores a company’s ability to enhance its profitability over time, reflecting operational efficiency, strategic competitiveness, and financial health.

Shares Outstanding

Shares outstanding refer to the total number of shares a company has issued. It's instrumental in calculating key metrics like Earnings Per Share (EPS) which is pivotal for investors to evaluate a company’s profitability on a per-share basis, offering a more granular view of financial health and valuation.

Interpreting Year to Year Comparison

Comparing yearly data allows investors to identify trends, assess the company’s growth, and anticipate potential future performance. Analyzing how metrics like revenue, income, and margins change year over year can provide valuable insights into the company’s operational efficiency, competitiveness, and overall financial health.

Expectations and Predictions

Investors often juxtapose the current and past financial data with the market’s expectations. This comparison aids in assessing whether the Senheng New Retail Bhd is performing as anticipated, underperforming or outperforming the market predictions, providing pivotal data for investment decisions.

 
ASSETSCASH BALANCE (M MYR)RECEIVABLES (M MYR)OTHER REC. (M MYR)INVENTORIES (M MYR)OTHER CURRENT LIAB. (M MYR)CURRENT ASSETS (M MYR)TANGIBLE ASSETS (M MYR)LONG-T. INVEST. (M MYR)LONG-T. REC. (M MYR)INTANGIBLE ASSETS (M MYR)GOODWILL (M MYR)OTHER NON-CURRENT ASSETS (M MYR)NON-CURRENT ASSETS (M MYR)TOTAL ASSETS (M MYR)LIABILITIESCOMMON STOCK (M MYR)ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL (M MYR)RETAINED EARNINGS (M MYR)OTHER EQUITY (M MYR)UNREAL. GAINS/LOSSES (M MYR)EQUITY (M MYR)LIABILITIES (M MYR)PROVISIONS (M MYR)OTHER SHORT-TERM LIAB. (M MYR)SHORT-TERM DEBTS (M MYR)LONG-TERM DEBT PORTION (M MYR)SHORT-TERM REC. (M MYR)LONG-T. LIAB. (M MYR)DEFERRED TAXES (M MYR)OTHER LIAB. (M MYR)LONG-T. LIABILITIES (M MYR)DEBT (M MYR)TOTAL CAPITAL (M MYR)
Details

Balance Sheet

Understanding the Balance Sheet

The balance sheet of Senheng New Retail Bhd provides a detailed financial snapshot, revealing the company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time. Analyzing these components is crucial for investors looking to understand Senheng New Retail Bhd's financial health and stability.

Assets

Senheng New Retail Bhd's assets represent everything the company owns or controls that has monetary value. These are categorized into current and non-current assets, offering insights into the company's liquidity and long-term investments.

Liabilities

Liabilities are obligations that Senheng New Retail Bhd must settle in the future. Analyzing the ratio of liabilities to assets provides insights into the company's financial leverage and risk exposure.

Equity

Equity refers to the residual interest in the assets of Senheng New Retail Bhd after deducting liabilities. It represents the owners’ claim on the company’s assets and earnings.

Year-to-Year Analysis

Comparing balance sheet figures year-to-year allows investors to identify trends, growth patterns, and potential financial risks, facilitating informed investment decisions.

Interpreting the Data

Detailed analysis of assets, liabilities, and equity can provide investors with comprehensive insights into Senheng New Retail Bhd's financial standing, aiding in investment evaluations and risk assessments.

 
NET INCOME (M MYR)DEPRECIATION (M MYR)DEFERRED TAXES (M MYR)CHANGES IN WORKING CAPITAL (M MYR)NON-CASH ITEM (M MYR)PAID INTEREST (M MYR)PAID TAXES (M MYR)NET CASH FLOW FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES (M MYR)CAPITAL EXPENDITURES (M MYR)CASH FLOW FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES (M MYR)CASH FLOW FROM OTHER INVESTING ACTIVITIES (M MYR)INTEREST INCOME AND EXPENSES (M MYR)NET DEBT CHANGE (M MYR)NET CHANGE IN EQUITY (M MYR)CASH FLOW FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (M MYR)CASH FLOW FROM OTHER FINANCING ACTIVITIES (MYR)TOTAL DIVIDENDS PAID (M MYR)NET CHANGE IN CASH FLOW (M MYR)FREE CASH FLOW (M MYR)SHARE-BASED COMPENSATION (M MYR)
20182019202020212022
7461738485
3635363944
00000
-9312-53-68-145
16-132-13
00211
201762027
34965853-11
-31-44-7-22-69
-30-29-11-30-100
014-3-8-30
00000
-20-7-21-28-64
0000261
-32-34-33-40169
-12.00-26.00-12.00-12.00-
0000-27
-273214-1757
3.452.251.1330.87-81.8
00000

Senheng New Retail Bhd stock margins

The Senheng New Retail Bhd margin analysis displays the gross margin, EBIT margin, as well as the profit margin of Senheng New Retail Bhd. The EBIT margin (EBIT/sales) indicates the percentage of sales that remains as operating profit. The profit margin shows the percentage of sales that remains for Senheng New Retail Bhd.
  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Gross margin
EBIT margin
Profit margin
Details

Margin

Understanding Gross Margin

The gross margin, expressed as a percentage, delineates the gross profit made from the Senheng New Retail Bhd's sales revenue. A higher gross margin percentage indicates that the Senheng New Retail Bhd retains more revenue after accounting for the costs of goods sold. Investors use this metric to gauge financial health and operational efficiency, as well as to compare it with competitors and industry averages.

EBIT Margin Analysis

EBIT margin represents the Senheng New Retail Bhd's earnings before interest and taxes. Analyzing the EBIT margin over different years provides insights into the operational profitability and efficiency, excluding the effects of financial leverage and tax structure. A growing EBIT margin over the years signifies improving operational performance.

Revenue Margin Insights

The revenue margin demonstrates the Senheng New Retail Bhd's total revenue generated. When comparing the revenue margin year over year, investors can gauge the Senheng New Retail Bhd's growth and market expansion. It is essential to compare the revenue margin with the gross and EBIT margins to understand the cost and profit structures better.

Interpreting Expectations

The expected values for gross, EBIT, and revenue margins provide future financial outlook of the Senheng New Retail Bhd. Investors should compare these expectations with historical data to understand potential growth and risk factors. It is crucial to consider the underlying assumptions and methodologies used in projecting these expected values to make informed investment decisions.

Comparative Analysis

Comparing the gross, EBIT, and revenue margins, both yearly and over multiple years, enables investors to perform a comprehensive analysis of the Senheng New Retail Bhd's financial health and growth prospects. Evaluating the trends and patterns in these margins helps in identifying strengths, weaknesses, and potential investment opportunities.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Margin History

Senheng New Retail Bhd Gross marginSenheng New Retail Bhd Profit marginSenheng New Retail Bhd EBIT marginSenheng New Retail Bhd Profit margin
2025e21.06 %5.34 %4.01 %
2024e21.06 %6.25 %4.09 %
202321.06 %2.52 %1.9 %
202221.81 %5.55 %3.87 %
202121.03 %6.08 %4.52 %
202020.85 %5.97 %4.3 %
201921.43 %5.72 %4.33 %
201822.32 %6.62 %5.21 %

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock Sales Revenue, EBIT, Earnings per Share

The Senheng New Retail Bhd earnings per share therefore indicates how much revenue Senheng New Retail Bhd has generated per share in a given period. The earnings before interest and taxes per share shows how much of the operating profit corresponds to each share. The earnings per share indicates how much of the profit belongs to each share.
  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Sales per Share
EBIT per share
Earnings per Share
Details

Revenue, EBIT and Earnings per share

Revenue Per Share

Revenue per share represents the total revenue Senheng New Retail Bhd earns, divided by the number of outstanding shares. It is a crucial metric as it reflects the company's ability to generate sales and signifies growth and expansion potential. Comparing yearly revenue per share allows investors to analyze the consistency in a company’s earnings and predict future trends.

EBIT Per Share

EBIT per share indicates Senheng New Retail Bhd's earning before interest and taxes, offering insights into operational profitability excluding the effects of capital structure and tax rates. It can be juxtaposed against revenue per share to gauge the efficiency in converting sales into profits. A consistent increase in EBIT per share over the years underscores operational efficiency and profitability.

Income Per Share

Income per share, or earnings per share (EPS), reveals the portion of Senheng New Retail Bhd’s profit allocated to each share of common stock. It’s instrumental in evaluating the profitability and financial health. By comparing it with revenue and EBIT per share, investors discern how effectively a firm translates sales and operational profits into net income.

Expected Values

Expected values are projections of revenue, EBIT, and income per share for forthcoming years. These anticipations, rooted in historical data and market analysis, aid investors in strategizing their investments, evaluating Senheng New Retail Bhd's prospective performance, and estimating future stock prices. However, it’s pivotal to consider market volatilities and uncertainties that can influence these projections.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue, EBIT and net profit per share

DateSenheng New Retail Bhd Sales per ShareSenheng New Retail Bhd EBIT per shareSenheng New Retail Bhd Earnings per Share
2025e1.07 MYR0 MYR0.04 MYR
2024e1.02 MYR0 MYR0.04 MYR
20230.88 MYR0.02 MYR0.02 MYR
20221.04 MYR0.06 MYR0.04 MYR
20210.96 MYR0.06 MYR0.04 MYR
20200.86 MYR0.05 MYR0.04 MYR
20190.76 MYR0.04 MYR0.03 MYR
20180.78 MYR0.05 MYR0.04 MYR

Senheng New Retail Bhd business model

Senheng New Retail Bhd is one of the most popular companies on Eulerpool.com.

Senheng New Retail Bhd valuation based on historical P/E ratio, EBIT, and P/S ratio.

Senheng New Retail Bhd shares outstanding

The number of shares was Senheng New Retail Bhd in 2023 — This indicates how many shares 1.5 B is divided into. Since shareholders are the owners of a company, each share represents a small portion of the company's ownership.
  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Number of stocks
Details

Revenue, EBIT and Earnings per share

Revenue Per Share

Revenue per share represents the total revenue Senheng New Retail Bhd earns, divided by the number of outstanding shares. It is a crucial metric as it reflects the company's ability to generate sales and signifies growth and expansion potential. Comparing yearly revenue per share allows investors to analyze the consistency in a company’s earnings and predict future trends.

EBIT Per Share

EBIT per share indicates Senheng New Retail Bhd's earning before interest and taxes, offering insights into operational profitability excluding the effects of capital structure and tax rates. It can be juxtaposed against revenue per share to gauge the efficiency in converting sales into profits. A consistent increase in EBIT per share over the years underscores operational efficiency and profitability.

Income Per Share

Income per share, or earnings per share (EPS), reveals the portion of Senheng New Retail Bhd’s profit allocated to each share of common stock. It’s instrumental in evaluating the profitability and financial health. By comparing it with revenue and EBIT per share, investors discern how effectively a firm translates sales and operational profits into net income.

Expected Values

Expected values are projections of revenue, EBIT, and income per share for forthcoming years. These anticipations, rooted in historical data and market analysis, aid investors in strategizing their investments, evaluating Senheng New Retail Bhd's prospective performance, and estimating future stock prices. However, it’s pivotal to consider market volatilities and uncertainties that can influence these projections.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock Dividend

In 2023, Senheng New Retail Bhd paid a dividend amounting to 0.01 MYR. Dividend means that Senheng New Retail Bhd distributes a portion of its profits to its owners.
  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Dividend
Dividend (Estimate)
Details

Dividend

Dividend Overview

The dividend per year chart for Senheng New Retail Bhd provides a comprehensive view of the annual dividends distributed to shareholders. Analyze the trend to understand the consistency and growth in dividend payouts over the years.

Interpretation and Use

A consistent or increasing trend in dividends can indicate the company's profitability and financial health. Investors can use this data to identify Senheng New Retail Bhd’s potential for long-term investment and income generation through dividends.

Investment Strategy

Incorporate the dividend data in evaluating Senheng New Retail Bhd's overall performance. A thorough analysis, considering other financial aspects, will help in making informed investment decisions for optimal capital growth and income generation.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Dividend History

DateSenheng New Retail Bhd Dividend
2025e0.01 MYR
2024e0.01 MYR
20230.01 MYR
20220.02 MYR

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock Payout Ratio

In 2023, Senheng New Retail Bhd had a payout ratio of 44.61%. The payout ratio indicates the percentage of the company's profits that Senheng New Retail Bhd distributes as dividends.
  • 3 years

  • 5 years

  • 10 years

  • 25 Years

  • Max

Payout ratio
Details

Payout ratio

What is Yearly Payout Ratio?

The yearly payout ratio for Senheng New Retail Bhd represents the proportion of earnings paid out as dividends to shareholders. It is an indicator of the company's financial health and stability, illustrating how much profit is being returned to investors versus being reinvested back into the company.

How to Interpret the Data

A lower payout ratio for Senheng New Retail Bhd could mean that the company is reinvesting more into its growth, whereas a higher ratio indicates more earnings are being distributed as dividends. Investors seeking regular income might prefer companies with a higher payout ratio, while those looking for growth may opt for companies with a lower ratio.

Using the Data for Investments

Evaluate Senheng New Retail Bhd's payout ratio in conjunction with other financial metrics and performance indicators. A sustainable payout ratio, coupled with strong financial health, can indicate a reliable dividend payout. However, a very high ratio might suggest the company is not sufficiently reinvesting in its future growth.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Payout Ratio History

DateSenheng New Retail Bhd Payout ratio
2025e44.61 %
2024e44.61 %
202344.61 %
202244.61 %
202144.61 %
202044.61 %
201944.61 %
201844.61 %
Unfortunately, there are currently no price targets and forecasts available for Senheng New Retail Bhd.

Eulerpool ESG Scorecard© for the Senheng New Retail Bhd stock

Eulerpool World ESG Rating (EESG©)

28/ 100

🌱 Environment

13

👫 Social

35

🏛️ Governance

38

Environment

Scope 1 - Direct Emissions
Scope 2 - Indirect emissions from purchased energy
Scope 3 - Indirect emissions within the value chain
Total CO₂ emissions
CO₂ reduction strategy
Coal energy
Nuclear power
Animal experiments
Fur & Leather
Pesticides
Palm Oil
Tobacco
Genetically modified organisms
Climate concept
Sustainable forestry
Recycling regulations
Environmentally friendly packaging
Hazardous substances
Fuel consumption and efficiency
Water consumption and efficiency

Social

Percentage of female employees35.4
Percentage of women in management
Percentage of Asian employees
Share of Asian management
Percentage of Hispanic/Latino employees
Hispano/Latino Management share
Percentage of Black employees
Black Management Share
Percentage of white employees
White Management Share
Adult content
Alcohol
Weapons
Firearms
Gambling
Military contracts
Human rights concept
Privacy concept
Occupational health and safety
Catholic

Governance (Corporate Governance)

Environmental reporting
Stakeholder Engagement
Call Back Policies
Antitrust law

Kontaktformular an uns. The Eulerpool ESG Scorecard© is the strictly copyrighted intellectual property of Eulerpool Research Systems. Any unauthorized use, imitation, or infringement will be actively pursued and may lead to significant legal consequences. For licenses, collaborations, or usage rights, please contact us directly via our contact form. Contact Form to us.

Senheng New Retail Bhd Stock Shareholders

%
Name
Stocks
Change
Date
57.97 % SQ Digital Sdn. Bhd.869,600,00003/31/2023
5.59 % Lim (Kim Heng)83,800,00003/31/2023
5.45 % Lim (Kim Chieng)81,800,00003/31/2023
5.42 % Lim (Kim Yew)81,300,00003/31/2023
1.65 % Eastspring Investments Berhad24,717,80013,018,6003/31/2023
1.33 % CIMB Bank Berhad20,000,00020,000,0003/31/2023
1.10 % Employees Provident Fund Board16,567,6002,735,1003/31/2023
0.74 % Norges Bank Investment Management (NBIM)11,148,800736,4003/31/2023
0.62 % Great Eastern Life Assurance (Malaysia) Berhad9,368,700-11,600,2003/31/2023
0.53 % Yayasan Islam Terengganu8,000,00003/31/2023
1
2
3
4

Senheng New Retail Bhd stock: Frequently Asked Questions

What is the P/E ratio of Senheng New Retail Bhd 2024?

The Senheng New Retail Bhd P/E ratio is 7.53.

What is the P/S ratio of Senheng New Retail Bhd 2024?

The Senheng New Retail Bhd P/S ratio is 0.31.

What is the AlleAktien quality score of Senheng New Retail Bhd?

The AlleAktien quality score for Senheng New Retail Bhd is 2/10.

What is the revenue of Senheng New Retail Bhd 2024?

The expected Senheng New Retail Bhd revenue is 1.54 B MYR.

How high is the profit of Senheng New Retail Bhd 2024?

The expected Senheng New Retail Bhd profit is 62.73 M MYR.

What is the business model of Senheng New Retail Bhd

No history available for Senheng New Retail Bhd.

What is the Senheng New Retail Bhd dividend?

Senheng New Retail Bhd pays a dividend of 0.02 MYR distributed over payouts per year.

How often does Senheng New Retail Bhd pay dividends?

The dividend cannot currently be calculated for Senheng New Retail Bhd or the company does not pay out a dividend.

What is the Senheng New Retail Bhd ISIN?

The ISIN of Senheng New Retail Bhd is MYL5305OO007.

What is the Senheng New Retail Bhd ticker?

The ticker of Senheng New Retail Bhd is SENHENG.KL.

How much dividend does Senheng New Retail Bhd pay?

Over the past 12 months, Senheng New Retail Bhd paid a dividend of 0.01 MYR . This corresponds to a dividend yield of about 4.44 %. For the coming 12 months, Senheng New Retail Bhd is expected to pay a dividend of 0.01 MYR.

What is the dividend yield of Senheng New Retail Bhd?

The current dividend yield of Senheng New Retail Bhd is 4.44 %.

When does Senheng New Retail Bhd pay dividends?

Senheng New Retail Bhd pays a quarterly dividend. This is distributed in the months of May, October, June, June.

How secure is the dividend of Senheng New Retail Bhd?

Senheng New Retail Bhd paid dividends every year for the past 4 years.

What is the dividend of Senheng New Retail Bhd?

For the upcoming 12 months, dividends amounting to 0.01 MYR are expected. This corresponds to a dividend yield of 4.73 %.

In which sector is Senheng New Retail Bhd located?

Senheng New Retail Bhd is assigned to the 'Cyclical consumption' sector.

Wann musste ich die Aktien von Senheng New Retail Bhd kaufen, um die vorherige Dividende zu erhalten?

To receive the latest dividend of Senheng New Retail Bhd from 6/5/2024 amounting to 0.005 MYR, you needed to have the stock in your portfolio before the ex-date on 5/14/2024.

When did Senheng New Retail Bhd pay the last dividend?

The last dividend was paid out on 6/5/2024.

What was the dividend of Senheng New Retail Bhd in the year 2023?

In the year 2023, Senheng New Retail Bhd distributed 0.018 MYR as dividends.

In which currency does Senheng New Retail Bhd pay out the dividend?

The dividends of Senheng New Retail Bhd are distributed in MYR.

Other fundamentals and analyses of Senheng New Retail Bhd in the deep dive.

Our stock analysis for Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue stock includes important financial indicators such as revenue, profit, P/E ratio, P/S ratio, EBIT, as well as information on dividends. We also assess aspects such as stocks, market capitalization, debt, equity, and liabilities of Senheng New Retail Bhd Revenue. If you are looking for more detailed information on these topics, we offer comprehensive analyses on our subpages.