"Überbeschäftigung" (a German term) is a concept used in the realm of economics to describe a state of excessive employment or over-employment within a given economy.

In this condition, the labor market exhibits an exceptional degree of labor utilization, with a surplus of available jobs or an insufficient supply of qualified labor to meet the prevailing demand. When an economy experiences überbeschäftigung, it signifies a robust and flourishing labor market characterized by low levels of unemployment and a scarcity of skilled workers. This condition can often lead to a variety of positive economic outcomes, including increased productivity, rising wages, and enhanced consumer spending. Überbeschäftigung typically arises from favorable economic conditions, such as accelerated economic growth, increased business investments, or government initiatives promoting job creation. When economic indicators, such as gross domestic product (GDP) growth, industrial production, and business confidence, exhibit sustained positive trends, it tends to stimulate greater employment opportunities, resulting in überbeschäftigung. However, while überbeschäftigung is generally viewed as an advantageous phenomenon, it can also pose challenges for economic policymakers and businesses. One of the primary concerns associated with überbeschäftigung is the potential for a labor shortage and its subsequent impact on various industries. Insufficient labor supply may lead to labor bottlenecks, limiting the ability of businesses to expand, meet production targets, and satisfy customer demands. Companies operating in sectors experiencing überbeschäftigung are likely to face difficulties in recruiting and retaining skilled employees. As competition for talent intensifies, employers often respond by offering higher wages and improved benefits to attract qualified individuals. The resultant wage pressures, while beneficial for workers, can have inflationary effects. Additionally, überbeschäftigung may spur increased migration, as workers from areas with higher unemployment rates seek out better job opportunities in regions experiencing labor shortages. Such population movements can generate demographic shifts and impact local housing markets, education systems, and public infrastructure. To conclude, überbeschäftigung signifies a state of excessive employment and labor market tightness resulting from favorable economic conditions. While generally desirable due to the positive economic outcomes it fosters, überbeschäftigung can pose challenges such as labor shortages, wage pressures, and increased migration.