ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืš

23,8 % ร˜-Performance der Fair-Value-Strategie seit 2003
ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืž-2 ืื™ืจื•
Analyse
ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ

ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื” ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

ืฉืขืจ

8.779 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ +/-
+89.664 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUF
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ %
+1.03 %

ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘-ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื” ื”ื•ื 8.779 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF. ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘-ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื” ืขืœื” ืœ-8.779 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF ื‘-1.12.2024, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” 8.689 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF ื‘-1.9.2024. ื‘ื™ืŸ 1.3.1995 ืœ-1.12.2024, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘-ื”ื•ื ื’ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื” 5.93 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF. ื”ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื‘-1.12.2024 ืขื 8.78 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจืฉื ื‘-1.12.1995 ืขื 4.12 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF.

ืžืงื•ืจ: Hungarian Central Statistical Office

ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

  • ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื

  • 25 ืฉื ื”

  • ืžืงืก

ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืชื•ืš ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”

ืชืืจื™ืšืขืจืš
1.12.20248.779 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.9.20248.689 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.6.20248.682 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.3.20248.643 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.12.20238.602 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.9.20238.532 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.6.20238.499 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.3.20238.456 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.12.20228.577 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1.9.20228.638 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF
1
2
3
4
5
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12

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืงืจื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœ-ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

ืฉืื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืงื•ื“ืืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืžืชืงื ื™ื ื’ื•ืœืžื™ื•ืช
2.97 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF3.018 ื‘ื™ื•. HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืฆืžื™ื—ืช ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ืœืื•ืžื™ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืžืœืื”
0.5 %โ€Ž-0.9 %ืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื’ื“ื™ืœืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ
โ€Ž-0.2 %0.6 %ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ืฉื ืชื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™
0 %0.4 %ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชื•ืฆืจ ื‘ืจื•ื˜ื• ืœืื•ืžื™ ืžื”ื ื™ื”ื•ืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™
2.063 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF2.058 ื‘ื™ื•. HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™
212.39 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ USD177.01 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ USDืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืœื ืคืฉ ื‘ืฉื•ื•ื™ ื›ื•ื— ืงื ื™ื™ื”
40,167.99 USD40,316.57 USDืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœืื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ืžื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช
415.273 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUF411.112 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชื•ืฆืจ ืœื ืคืฉ
16,282.83 USD16,343.06 USDืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชืž"ื’ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืงื‘ื•ืขื™ื
15.285 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF14.738 ื‘ื™ื•. HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชืž"ื’ ืžื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ
2.172 ื‘ื™ื•. HUF2.215 ื‘ื™ื•. HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชืž"ื’ ืžืขื ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”
669.608 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUF666.989 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ญ๐Ÿ‡บ
ืชืž"ื’ ืžืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
699.443 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUF692.399 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ HUFืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ

ื“ืคื™ ืžืืงืจื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”

ืžื”ื• ืชื•ืฆืจ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื

ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืขื ื™ืง ื”ื‘ื ื” ืขืžื•ืงื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ (ืชืž"ื’) ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืกื•ืคืงื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื ืคื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื, ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—, ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืงื™ืคื™ื ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื. ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ื›ืœืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžื”ื• ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืžื“ื•ืข ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘. ื”ืชืž"ื’, ืฉืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™, ืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžื•ืคืงื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื” ืื—ืช. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื”ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื”ื™ื ืœืขืจืš ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉื ื•ืฆืจ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืขื ืฃ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื‘ื ืคืจื“ ืžืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืชืขืฉื™ื™ื” ื•ื”ื—ืงืœืื•ืช. ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ, ื•ื”ื•ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ืœืง ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ื•ืช. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืชืงื“ืžื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืชืž"ื’ ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ื•ื ืžืขืœ ืœ-70%. ื”ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื™ื ื•ืš, ื“ืจืš ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ื•ืื—ืกื ื”, ื•ืขื“ ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ืื—ื“ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool ื”ื•ื ื”ืฆื’ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื, ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื ื™ื ืœื”ืชืขื“ื›ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืžื•ืจื•ืช ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื–ื”. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืงืฃ ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืจื—ื‘ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ืฆืจื™ื›ื”, ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื™ืกื•ื™ ื•ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื” ืœืžืฉืœ ืžืฉืชืคืจื™ื ื•ืžืชืคืชื—ื™ื, ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืœื ืจืง ืขืœ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื•ืขืœ ืชื ื•ืขืช ืกื—ื•ืจื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ืžืกื™ื‘ื” ื–ื•, ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืžืฉ ื›ื›ืœื™ ื—ื™ื–ื•ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื’ืžื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื•ืช. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืื ืจื•ืื™ื ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ื‘ืขืจืš ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื”ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืคื ื™ื™ืช ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืจืคื•ืื™ืช. ืชื—ื•ื ื ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ืช ื”ื•ื ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื—. ืขื ืคื™ื ืืœื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ื—ืœืง ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืžื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืœื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžืฉืง ื›ื•ืœื•. ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื ื•ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื— ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื›ืœื™ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื“ืจืš ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืงื“ื•ืช ื•ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื—ื™ื ื•ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ืขืชื™ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”, ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืœืžื™ื“ื” ื—ื“ืฉื ื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื›ืฉืจืช ื›ื•ื— ืื“ื ืžื™ื•ืžืŸ, ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื–ื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืคื™ืชื•ื— ืงื•ื”ื•ืจื˜ื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืžื™ื•ืžื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืฉืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžืฉืง. ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืงืžืขื•ื ืื™ื™ื, ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ืžื“ื“ ืœืžื’ืžื•ืช ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื”ืจื’ืœื™ ื”ืงื ื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ. ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™, ืขื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ ื”ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžืงื•ื•ื ื™ื, ืชืช-ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื” ืœืขืชื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืชืž"ื’. ืคืจืžื˜ืจ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื”ืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืœืฉื•ืง ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืขื ื”ืชืจื—ื‘ื•ืช ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื’ื ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืฆื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื’ื•ื‘ืจ. ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ืชืขืกื•ืงื”, ื›ืžื• ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžืžืฉืจื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ืœืžืกื—ืจ ื•ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ืžืฉืคื™ืขื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool, ืžืื’ืจ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืœื ืชื— ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืื–ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ-ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ื›ืš, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœื”ื’ื“ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื”ืŸ ื•ืžื”ืŸ ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื ื•ืงื˜ื•ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื ืืžืจ, ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืžืจื›ื–ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื”. ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจื™ ื ืชื•ื ื™ ืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ื ื™ืชื•ื—ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื”ื ืชื ืื™ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืขื™ื“ืŸ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ื”ืงื“ืžื” ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื•ื. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool, ืื ื• ืžืงืคื™ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืฆื’ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื“ื•ื™ืงื™ื, ืžืขื•ื“ื›ื ื™ื ื•ื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืœื›ืœ ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื•ื—ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื”. ื‘ื•ืื• ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ ื”ืชืž"ื’ ืžืกืงื˜ื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื’ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”.