ืขืฉื ืืช ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืื
ื ืืจืืืืื ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื
ืฉืขืจ
ืืขืจื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ื-ื ืืจืืืืื ืืื 2,483 ืืืืืืช. ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ื-ื ืืจืืืืื ืขืื ื-2,483 ืืืืืืช ื-1.3.2025, ืืืืจ ืฉืืื 1,377 ืืืืืืช ื-1.2.2025. ื-1.1.2000 ืขื 1.3.2025, ืืชืืฆืจ ืืืงืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืข ื-ื ืืจืืืืื ืืื 2,325.32 ืืืืืืช. ืืฉืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉื ื-1.3.2006 ืขื 4,113 ืืืืืืช, ืืขืื ืืขืจื ืื ืืื ืืืืชืจ ื ืจืฉื ื-1.12.2024 ืขื 774 ืืืืืืช.
ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ยท
ืฉืืืฉ ืฉื ืื
ืืืฉ ืฉื ืื
ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ืื
25 ืฉื ื
ืืงืก
ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื | |
---|---|
1.1.2000 | 1,785 units |
1.2.2000 | 1,914 units |
1.3.2000 | 2,023 units |
1.4.2000 | 1,437 units |
1.5.2000 | 1,852 units |
1.6.2000 | 1,729 units |
1.7.2000 | 2,024 units |
1.8.2000 | 1,909 units |
1.9.2000 | 2,152 units |
1.10.2000 | 2,090 units |
1.11.2000 | 2,070 units |
1.12.2000 | 2,325 units |
1.1.2001 | 2,104 units |
1.2.2001 | 2,063 units |
1.3.2001 | 2,214 units |
1.4.2001 | 2,097 units |
1.5.2001 | 2,233 units |
1.6.2001 | 2,044 units |
1.7.2001 | 2,836 units |
1.8.2001 | 2,041 units |
1.9.2001 | 2,025 units |
1.10.2001 | 1,876 units |
1.11.2001 | 2,043 units |
1.12.2001 | 1,832 units |
1.1.2002 | 1,819 units |
1.2.2002 | 2,184 units |
1.3.2002 | 1,721 units |
1.4.2002 | 2,005 units |
1.5.2002 | 1,855 units |
1.6.2002 | 1,730 units |
1.7.2002 | 1,591 units |
1.8.2002 | 1,924 units |
1.9.2002 | 2,090 units |
1.10.2002 | 1,655 units |
1.11.2002 | 1,992 units |
1.12.2002 | 1,791 units |
1.1.2003 | 2,225 units |
1.2.2003 | 1,444 units |
1.3.2003 | 2,092 units |
1.4.2003 | 1,427 units |
1.5.2003 | 1,628 units |
1.6.2003 | 1,893 units |
1.7.2003 | 2,010 units |
1.8.2003 | 1,907 units |
1.9.2003 | 1,859 units |
1.10.2003 | 2,093 units |
1.11.2003 | 1,679 units |
1.12.2003 | 2,085 units |
1.1.2004 | 1,845 units |
1.2.2004 | 2,515 units |
1.3.2004 | 1,485 units |
1.4.2004 | 2,517 units |
1.5.2004 | 2,562 units |
1.6.2004 | 3,059 units |
1.7.2004 | 2,738 units |
1.8.2004 | 2,711 units |
1.9.2004 | 2,172 units |
1.10.2004 | 2,897 units |
1.11.2004 | 2,449 units |
1.12.2004 | 2,336 units |
1.1.2005 | 2,697 units |
1.2.2005 | 2,688 units |
1.3.2005 | 2,072 units |
1.4.2005 | 3,148 units |
1.5.2005 | 3,136 units |
1.6.2005 | 1,582 units |
1.7.2005 | 2,682 units |
1.8.2005 | 2,442 units |
1.9.2005 | 2,402 units |
1.10.2005 | 2,520 units |
1.11.2005 | 2,970 units |
1.12.2005 | 3,431 units |
1.1.2006 | 2,438 units |
1.2.2006 | 2,360 units |
1.3.2006 | 4,113 units |
1.4.2006 | 2,572 units |
1.5.2006 | 2,319 units |
1.6.2006 | 2,652 units |
1.7.2006 | 2,457 units |
1.8.2006 | 2,446 units |
1.9.2006 | 2,478 units |
1.10.2006 | 2,810 units |
1.11.2006 | 2,400 units |
1.12.2006 | 4,039 units |
1.1.2007 | 3,012 units |
1.2.2007 | 2,764 units |
1.3.2007 | 2,711 units |
1.4.2007 | 3,118 units |
1.5.2007 | 2,721 units |
1.6.2007 | 2,511 units |
1.7.2007 | 2,425 units |
1.8.2007 | 2,704 units |
1.9.2007 | 2,719 units |
1.10.2007 | 2,597 units |
1.11.2007 | 2,759 units |
1.12.2007 | 2,284 units |
1.1.2008 | 2,149 units |
1.2.2008 | 2,216 units |
1.3.2008 | 2,220 units |
1.4.2008 | 1,816 units |
1.5.2008 | 2,385 units |
1.6.2008 | 2,476 units |
1.7.2008 | 1,753 units |
1.8.2008 | 2,368 units |
1.9.2008 | 2,427 units |
1.10.2008 | 1,894 units |
1.11.2008 | 2,236 units |
1.12.2008 | 1,904 units |
1.1.2009 | 1,889 units |
1.2.2009 | 1,778 units |
1.3.2009 | 1,780 units |
1.4.2009 | 1,227 units |
1.5.2009 | 1,838 units |
1.6.2009 | 1,518 units |
1.7.2009 | 1,133 units |
1.8.2009 | 1,663 units |
1.9.2009 | 1,709 units |
1.10.2009 | 1,765 units |
1.11.2009 | 1,559 units |
1.12.2009 | 1,596 units |
1.1.2010 | 1,814 units |
1.2.2010 | 1,918 units |
1.3.2010 | 1,395 units |
1.4.2010 | 1,689 units |
1.5.2010 | 1,478 units |
1.6.2010 | 1,579 units |
1.7.2010 | 1,706 units |
1.8.2010 | 1,686 units |
1.9.2010 | 1,761 units |
1.10.2010 | 1,864 units |
1.11.2010 | 2,283 units |
1.12.2010 | 1,906 units |
1.1.2011 | 2,418 units |
1.2.2011 | 2,365 units |
1.3.2011 | 2,694 units |
1.4.2011 | 2,572 units |
1.5.2011 | 2,397 units |
1.6.2011 | 1,965 units |
1.7.2011 | 2,220 units |
1.8.2011 | 2,103 units |
1.9.2011 | 1,935 units |
1.10.2011 | 2,677 units |
1.11.2011 | 2,100 units |
1.12.2011 | 2,205 units |
1.1.2012 | 2,063 units |
1.2.2012 | 2,064 units |
1.3.2012 | 2,476 units |
1.4.2012 | 2,100 units |
1.5.2012 | 2,712 units |
1.6.2012 | 2,866 units |
1.7.2012 | 2,745 units |
1.8.2012 | 2,763 units |
1.9.2012 | 2,970 units |
1.10.2012 | 2,298 units |
1.11.2012 | 2,439 units |
1.12.2012 | 2,657 units |
1.1.2013 | 2,594 units |
1.2.2013 | 3,387 units |
1.3.2013 | 2,092 units |
1.4.2013 | 2,410 units |
1.5.2013 | 2,210 units |
1.6.2013 | 2,326 units |
1.7.2013 | 2,036 units |
1.8.2013 | 2,566 units |
1.9.2013 | 2,557 units |
1.10.2013 | 2,510 units |
1.11.2013 | 2,598 units |
1.12.2013 | 2,951 units |
1.1.2014 | 1,702 units |
1.2.2014 | 2,323 units |
1.3.2014 | 2,371 units |
1.4.2014 | 1,634 units |
1.5.2014 | 3,514 units |
1.6.2014 | 2,480 units |
1.7.2014 | 2,757 units |
1.8.2014 | 2,192 units |
1.9.2014 | 1,612 units |
1.10.2014 | 2,326 units |
1.11.2014 | 2,304 units |
1.12.2014 | 2,111 units |
1.1.2015 | 2,412 units |
1.2.2015 | 2,239 units |
1.3.2015 | 2,862 units |
1.4.2015 | 2,667 units |
1.5.2015 | 2,580 units |
1.6.2015 | 2,377 units |
1.7.2015 | 2,266 units |
1.8.2015 | 2,539 units |
1.9.2015 | 2,520 units |
1.10.2015 | 3,172 units |
1.11.2015 | 2,587 units |
1.12.2015 | 2,532 units |
1.1.2016 | 2,484 units |
1.2.2016 | 3,012 units |
1.3.2016 | 2,624 units |
1.4.2016 | 2,945 units |
1.5.2016 | 3,289 units |
1.6.2016 | 3,374 units |
1.7.2016 | 2,463 units |
1.8.2016 | 3,457 units |
1.9.2016 | 3,074 units |
1.10.2016 | 2,927 units |
1.11.2016 | 3,331 units |
1.12.2016 | 3,507 units |
1.1.2017 | 3,098 units |
1.2.2017 | 3,085 units |
1.3.2017 | 3,520 units |
1.4.2017 | 2,906 units |
1.5.2017 | 2,654 units |
1.6.2017 | 3,692 units |
1.7.2017 | 3,288 units |
1.8.2017 | 2,387 units |
1.9.2017 | 2,948 units |
1.10.2017 | 2,556 units |
1.11.2017 | 2,469 units |
1.12.2017 | 2,668 units |
1.1.2018 | 2,693 units |
1.2.2018 | 2,761 units |
1.3.2018 | 2,310 units |
1.4.2018 | 2,493 units |
1.5.2018 | 2,393 units |
1.6.2018 | 2,137 units |
1.7.2018 | 2,615 units |
1.8.2018 | 3,229 units |
1.9.2018 | 2,443 units |
1.10.2018 | 2,879 units |
1.11.2018 | 2,967 units |
1.12.2018 | 2,626 units |
1.1.2019 | 3,026 units |
1.2.2019 | 2,707 units |
1.3.2019 | 2,331 units |
1.4.2019 | 3,223 units |
1.5.2019 | 2,828 units |
1.6.2019 | 2,740 units |
1.7.2019 | 2,935 units |
1.8.2019 | 3,090 units |
1.9.2019 | 2,611 units |
1.10.2019 | 2,266 units |
1.11.2019 | 2,429 units |
1.12.2019 | 1,702 units |
1.1.2020 | 2,279 units |
1.2.2020 | 2,285 units |
1.3.2020 | 2,483 units |
1.4.2020 | 2,429 units |
1.5.2020 | 2,712 units |
1.6.2020 | 2,367 units |
1.7.2020 | 2,609 units |
1.8.2020 | 2,532 units |
1.9.2020 | 2,339 units |
1.10.2020 | 2,519 units |
1.11.2020 | 2,757 units |
1.12.2020 | 2,593 units |
1.1.2021 | 2,477 units |
1.2.2021 | 2,503 units |
1.3.2021 | 2,397 units |
1.4.2021 | 3,417 units |
1.5.2021 | 2,344 units |
1.6.2021 | 2,842 units |
1.7.2021 | 1,614 units |
1.8.2021 | 2,231 units |
1.9.2021 | 2,838 units |
1.10.2021 | 2,686 units |
1.11.2021 | 2,087 units |
1.12.2021 | 2,610 units |
1.1.2022 | 2,647 units |
1.2.2022 | 2,436 units |
1.3.2022 | 2,910 units |
1.4.2022 | 2,183 units |
1.5.2022 | 2,969 units |
1.6.2022 | 2,513 units |
1.7.2022 | 2,365 units |
1.8.2022 | 2,174 units |
1.9.2022 | 2,509 units |
1.10.2022 | 2,604 units |
1.11.2022 | 2,116 units |
1.12.2022 | 2,365 units |
1.1.2023 | 1,805 units |
1.2.2023 | 2,156 units |
1.3.2023 | 1,953 units |
1.4.2023 | 1,328 units |
1.5.2023 | 1,714 units |
1.6.2023 | 1,911 units |
1.7.2023 | 1,739 units |
1.8.2023 | 2,763 units |
1.9.2023 | 1,708 units |
1.10.2023 | 1,779 units |
1.11.2023 | 2,232 units |
1.12.2023 | 1,875 units |
1.1.2024 | 2,010 units |
1.2.2024 | 1,978 units |
1.3.2024 | 1,403 units |
1.4.2024 | 2,005 units |
1.5.2024 | 1,410 units |
1.6.2024 | 1,414 units |
1.7.2024 | 2,059 units |
1.8.2024 | 1,215 units |
1.9.2024 | 1,895 units |
1.10.2024 | 1,367 units |
1.11.2024 | 1,382 units |
1.12.2024 | 774 units |
1.1.2025 | 1,523 units |
1.2.2025 | 1,377 units |
1.3.2025 | 2,483 units |
ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื ืืืกืืืจืื
ืชืืจืื | ืขืจื |
---|---|
1.3.2025 | 2,483 ืืืืืืช |
1.2.2025 | 1,377 ืืืืืืช |
1.1.2025 | 1,523 ืืืืืืช |
1.12.2024 | 774 ืืืืืืช |
1.11.2024 | 1,382 ืืืืืืช |
1.10.2024 | 1,367 ืืืืืืช |
1.9.2024 | 1,895 ืืืืืืช |
1.8.2024 | 1,215 ืืืืืืช |
1.7.2024 | 2,059 ืืืืืืช |
1.6.2024 | 1,414 ืืืืืืช |
ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืืื ื-ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื
ืฉื | ื ืืืื | ืงืืื | ืชืืืจืืช |
---|---|---|---|
๐ณ๐ด ืืืชืจื ืื ืืื | 2,910 Units | 1,351 Units | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืืก ืืืืจ-ืฉืืืจืืช | 118.241 | 117.429 | ืจืืขืื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืื ืืืจืืช | 357.464 points | 356.059 points | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืจ YoY | 7 % | 7.6 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืืฉื | 0.1 % | 0.8 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืืืจื ืืืจืืช ืืืืจืื | 4.84 % | 3.26 % | ืจืืขืื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืืืจื ืืืืช ืืืืืฆืขืื | 4.891 ืืืืืื NOK | 4.746 ืืืืืื NOK | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืืืืจืช ืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืช | 9,733 Units | 8,263 Units | ืืืืฉื |
๐ณ๐ด ืฉืืขืืจ ืืขืืืช ืืืืจ | 78.8 % | 79.2 % | ืฉื ืชื |
ืืคื ืืืงืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืืช ื ืืืจืืคื
- ๐ฆ๐ฑืืืื ืื
- ๐ฆ๐นืืืกืืจืื
- ๐ง๐พืืืืจืืก
- ๐ง๐ชืืืืื
- ๐ง๐ฆืืืกื ืื ืืืจืฆืืืืื ื
- ๐ง๐ฌืืืืืจืื
- ๐ญ๐ทืงืจืืืืื
- ๐จ๐พืงืคืจืืกืื
- ๐จ๐ฟืจืคืืืืืงื ืฆ'ืืืช
- ๐ฉ๐ฐืื ืืจืง
- ๐ช๐ชืืกืืื ืื
- ๐ซ๐ดืืื ืคืืจื
- ๐ซ๐ฎืคืื ืื ื
- ๐ซ๐ทืฆืจืคืช
- ๐ฉ๐ชืืจืื ืื
- ๐ฌ๐ทืืืื
- ๐ญ๐บืืื ืืจืื
- ๐ฎ๐ธืื
- ๐ฎ๐ชืืืจืื ื
- ๐ฎ๐นืืืืืื
- ๐ฝ๐ฐืงืืกืืื
- ๐ฑ๐ปืืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐ฎืืืืื ืฉืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐นืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐บืืืงืกืืืืจื
- ๐ฒ๐ฐืฆืคืื ืืงืืื ืื
- ๐ฒ๐นืืืื
- ๐ฒ๐ฉืืืืืืื
- ๐ฒ๐จืืื ืืงื
- ๐ฒ๐ชืืื ืื ืืจื
- ๐ณ๐ฑืืืื ื
- ๐ต๐ฑืคืืืื
- ๐ต๐นืคืืจืืืื
- ๐ท๐ดืจืืื ืื
- ๐ท๐บืจืืกืื
- ๐ท๐ธืกืจืืื
- ๐ธ๐ฐืกืืืืงืื
- ๐ธ๐ฎืกืืืื ืื
- ๐ช๐ธืกืคืจื
- ๐ธ๐ชืฉืืืืื
- ๐จ๐ญืฉืืืืฅ
- ๐บ๐ฆืืืงืจืืื ื
- ๐ฌ๐งืืืืื ืืืืืืืช
- ๐ฆ๐ฉืื ืืืจื
ืืื ืคืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืืจืื
ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื (Housing Starts) ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืงืจื-ืืืืืืช, ืืืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืคืขืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืช ืืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืืืจืื. ืืื ืื ืืชืืืืก ืืืกืคืจ ืืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืคืจืง ืืื ืืืืืจ, ืืืื ื ืืื ืงืจืืื ืืคืขืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืื ื. ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืืงืฆืืขื ืฉืื ื, eulerpool, ืื ื ืืฆืืืื ื ืชืื ืื ืืืงืจื-ืืืืืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืงืืคื ืืืืืืงืช, ืืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืืง ืืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืืืจืืืืช ืฉืื ื ืืืฆืขืื. ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืืง ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืชืืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื. ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืข ืขื ืขืืืื, ื ืืชื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืืงืืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืืืจืื, ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืง ืืขืืืื, ืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืฉืืช ืืขืฆืื ืืจืืืฉ ืืืจืืช ืืืฉืืช. ืืืงืจื ืืคืื, ืืจืืื ืืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืขืฉืืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืกืจ ืืฆืืืืช ืืฉืืง ืื ืื"ื. ืืฉื ื ืืืจืืื ืจืืื ืืืฉืคืืขืื ืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื. ืืื ืืืจืืืืื ืืื ืชื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืืืืช. ืืืฉืจ ืืจืืืืช ื ืืืื, ืืขืืืช ืฉื ืืงืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืช, ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื. ืื ืื, ืืืฉืจ ืืจืืืืช ืขืืื, ืืืืื ืขืฉืืืื ืืืฉืื ืคืขืืืื ืืคื ื ืืชืืืช ืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืฉืื ืขืงื ืืขืืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืชืจ. ืื ืืกืฃ, ืืืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ื ืื"ื, ืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืขืืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืืฉืคืืข ืจืืืช ืขื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื. ืืืืืื, ืชืืจืืฆืื ืืืฉืืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉื, ืจืืืืฆืืืช ืืงืืืช ืืืืจืื ืชืืืืืื ืืืจืืงืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืฉืืขืืชืืช ืืืื ืื. ืืฆื ืฉื ื, ืจืืืืฆืืืช ืืืืืจืืช ืืืชืจ, ืืืกืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืขืืืช ืชืื ืื ืืืช ืขืฉืืืื ืืืจืื ืืขืืืืืื ืืืืงืื ืช ืืกืคืจ ืืคืจืืืงืืื ืืืืฉืื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืืคืืขื. ื ืชืื ื ืืกืฃ ืฉืืขืชืื ืงืจืืืืช ืืชืขืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืฆื ืืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืกืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืื. ืขืจืื ืขื ืชืฉืชืืืช ืืืืจื ืืืช, ืืืฉื ื ืืื ืืชืืืืจื ืฆืืืืจืืช, ืฉืืจืืชืื ืฆืืืืจืืื ืืืืืชืืื ืืืืกืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืจืืืืช ืืชืงืืืื, ืืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืขืจืื ืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ. ืื ืฉืื ืืขืืืคืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจืื ืืืฆืืขืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืจ, ืืื ืืขืืื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื. ืืืืคื ืืืื, ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื. ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืื ืขืืงืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืืืงืืงืช ืืืจื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืชืืื ื ืจืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืฆื ืืืืืื. ืืืืื ืช ืืฉืจืื, ืืืฉื, ืืฉ ืจืฆืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืืืื. ืขื ืื, ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืื ืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืช. ืืืชืจ ืฉืื ื, eulerpool, ืืฆืืข ืืื ืืขืืืง ืขื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืื ืืื, ืชืื ืืชืืฉืืืช ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืืืจืชืืื ืืงืฉืืจืื ืืื. ืืืกืคืงื ืืฉืืืคืช ืฉื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืงืจื-ืืืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืกืกืช ืขื ืืงืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืืืคืฉืจืช ืืืงืืืืชืื ื ืืขืงืื ืืืจื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืฆืืจื ืืืืืงืช. ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืึดืึฐื ึถื ืืกืืื ืืืื ืช ืืืืืื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืขืืืืืช. ืืงืืืืจืื ืืืืชืืช ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืงืจื-ืืืืืืืช, ืื ืืืคืฉืจืืช ืืงืื ืชืืื ืช ืืฆื ืขืืื ืืช ืขื ืืฆื ืืืืืื, ืืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืืืช, ืืืชืืืืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืขืชืืืืืช. ืื ื, ื-eulerpool, ืืชืืืืืื ืืกืคืง ืืื ืืช ืืคืจืกืคืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืงืฆืืขืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืชืืื ืื, ืขื ื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืขืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืช. ืืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืืข ืฉืื ื ืืฆืืืื ื-eulerpool, ืืืืื, ืืืืื ืื, ืืงืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืงืืขืื ืืืืืื ืืงืื ืืื ื ืืขืืืงื ืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืชืงืืืืช ืืคืจืืืงืืื. ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืกืคืงืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืฉืืืืช ืฉืืืืืืช ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืืืืืืช ืืกืืจืืืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืืืช. ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืงืจืืื ืืฆืืจื ืชืื ืื ืืืืื, ืืืืฉืืขืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืงืฃ ืืช ืืืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืชืคืชืืืช ืืขืชืืืืืช. ืืกืืืื, ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืง ืืืืืื ืืืื ืช ืืืืืื ืืืงืืืืช ืืืขืืืืืช. ืืืชืจ eulerpool ืืฆืืข ื ืืชืืืื ืืขืืืงืื ืืืืืข ืืงืืฃ ืขื ืืื ืื, ืืื ืืกืคืง ืืืงืืืืชืื ื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืงืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉืงืขืืช. ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฉื ืืชืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืคืจ ืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืืืืื, ืืืืืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืืืืืช ืจืืื.