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ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืš

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ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืž-2 ืื™ืจื•
Analyse
ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท

ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”

ืฉืขืจ

23.6 %
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ +/-
+5 %
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ %
+23.70 %

ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘-ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื 23.6 %. ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘-ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืขืœืชื” ืœ-23.6 % ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš 1.12.2024, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” 18.6 % ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš 1.9.2024. ืž-1.3.2001 ืขื“ 1.12.2024, ื”ืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘-ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื” โ€Ž-3.36 %. ื”ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš 1.9.2016 ืขื 52.1 %, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจืฉื ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš 1.6.2005 ืขื โ€Ž-51.4 %.

ืžืงื•ืจ: National Statistical Service of Greece

ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”

  • ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื

  • 25 ืฉื ื”

  • ืžืงืก

ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”

ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”

ืชืืจื™ืšืขืจืš
1.12.202423.6 %
1.9.202418.6 %
1.6.202415.5 %
1.3.202420.6 %
1.12.20236.8 %
1.9.20234.4 %
1.6.202314.2 %
1.3.202316.6 %
1.12.202213.1 %
1.9.202214.1 %
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ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืงืจื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœ-ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”

ืฉืื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืงื•ื“ืืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท
ื”ื™ืชืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”
2,929 Units2,649 Unitsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท
ื™ื—ืก ืžื—ื™ืจ-ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช
159.115 161.219 ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท
ืžื“ื“ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช
100.9 points99.9 pointsืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท
ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื“ื™ืจื•ืช ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื
6.59 %8.01 %ืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฌ๐Ÿ‡ท
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื“ื™ื•ืจ
69.6 %72.8 %ืฉื ืชื™

ื‘ื™ื•ื•ืŸ, ืžื“ื“ ื”ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” (IPC) ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืžื—ื–ื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืงื™ื, ืฉืžืจืื” ืืช ื”ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ืขื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื‘ืขื ืฃ ื”ื”ื ื“ืกื” ื”ืื–ืจื—ื™ืช.

ื“ืคื™ ืžืืงืจื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”

ืžื”ื• ืชืคื•ืงืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”

output ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”: ืกืงื™ืจื” ืžืขืžื™ืงื” ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ืŸ ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืงืจื• ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ื”ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืชืžื•ื ื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืขืœ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™. ื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื–ื” ืžืกืคืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžืงื™ืคื” ืขืœ ืื—ื•ื–ื™ ื”ืชืคื•ืงื” ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืžืกื™ื™ืข ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืขืชื™ื“ ื•ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool ืื ื• ืžืชืžืงื“ื™ื ื‘ืžืชืŸ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืžื™ื ื™ื ื•ืขื“ื›ื ื™ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ืžื˜ืจืชื ื• ื”ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ื”ืžืงื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžื‘ื˜ืื•ืช ืืช ืกืš ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื›ืกืคื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื‘ื ื•ืช ื‘ืคืจืง ื–ืžืŸ ืžืกื•ื™ื. ื”ื ืชื•ืŸ ื”ืกื•ืคื™ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืขืœ ืกืš ื”ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื•ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื‘ื ื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื, ืžื‘ื ื™ ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื›ื‘ื™ืฉื™ื ื•ื’ืฉืจื™ื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ืชืคื•ืงื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ื‘ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžืกืชืชืจ ืžื™ื“ืข ืจื‘ ื”ืžืืคืฉืจ ืœื—ื–ืื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ื”ืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื•ืจืžืช ื”ืื‘ื˜ืœื”. ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืคืจื˜ื™ืช ื•ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉ ืœื ื›ืกื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ื•ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœืจืžื– ืขืœ ืžืชื™ื—ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื, ืื• ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืื• ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื ื•ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ืœืคื™ ืขื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื ื”, ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช, ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื›ืš, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ืขื™ืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื ื™ื›ืจืช ื‘ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื‘ืฉืœ ืฆืžืฆื•ื ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื›ืื—ื“. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื”ืžืขื•ื“ื“ืช ื”ืงืžืช ืžื‘ื ื™ื ื•ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื–ื ื™ืง ืืช ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ื‘ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืจื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื ื•ืกืฃ. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื, ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื•ืช ืžื—ืœื™ื˜ื•ืช ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื•ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”. ืœื›ืš ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืž"ื’, ื•ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ื–ื™ื ื•ืง ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื”, ืืœื ื’ื ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงื˜ื•ืจ ืžืงื“ื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื. ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื“ ื–ื” ืขื•ืœื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื”ืขืกืงื” ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘ืœื ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ, ืœื“ื•ื’ืžื”, ื•ื™ื™ืชื›ืŸ ื’ื ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื• ื‘ื˜ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืจื–ืœ. ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ, ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ื”ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื—ื•ืžืจื™ ื‘ื ื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื–ื”. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืชื—ื•ื ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืฉืงืฃ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืืช ื”ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื”ื™ืจื•ืงื” ื•ื‘ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื—ื›ืžื”, ื”ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืžื’ืžื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื•ืœื”ืชื™ื™ืขืœื•ืช ืื ืจื’ื˜ื™ืช. ื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื’ื ืœื”ื•ื•ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื•ืงื™ ื”ืจื’ื•ืœืฆื™ื”, ื”ืžืชืงื‘ืœื™ื ืœื ืคืขื ืžืชื•ืš ืœื—ืฅ ืฉืœ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ืกื‘ื™ื‘ืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืฉืคืขืชืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื’ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืขืœื™ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช (FDI) ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”. ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืžืฆืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืžืฉื•ืš ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ื ื™ื›ืจ ื‘ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช. ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ื”ื•ืŸ ื ื•ืกืฃ ื•ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืงื“ื ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื’ืจื ื“ื™ื•ื–ื™ื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืชืฉืชื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื ื“ืœ"ืŸ. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื–ืจื•ืช ืขืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ืจื•ื›ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืื ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ื ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื ื‘ืขืชื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืื• ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื”ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืžื•ื ื•ืžื ื˜ืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ื’ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช. ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื—ื›ืžื”, ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื—ื•ืžืจื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื•ืžืžื•ื—ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื™ื™ืฆื•ืจ ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช, ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื•ืง. ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืืœื• ืžืฉืคืจื•ืช ืืช ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื•ืžืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืช ืืช ื”ืขืœื•ื™ื•ืช, ืชื•ืš ืฉื”ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื‘ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ื ื™ื. ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืชื‘ื•ื ืŸ ื‘ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ. ืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืงื•ืฉื™ ื”ื“ื™ื•ืจ ืœืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื™ื, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื™ื“ื•ืœ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ื”, ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืขืœ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ืืจืฅ. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื›ืš, ื”ืžืชื— ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ื•ื ื™ ื’ื ื”ื•ื ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื”, ื›ืืฉืจ ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ื ืžื•ื’ื“ืจื™ื ื™ืฉื ื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืขืฆื™ืจืช ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ื•ืคื™ื ื•ื™ ืขืชื•ื“ื•ืช ืงืจืงืข, ืฉืžืฉื ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœืœ ื”ืžื“ื“ ื‘ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื”ืœืื•ืžื™. ืœืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื ื™ืชื•ื— ืžื“ื“ ืชืคื•ืงื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ืžืฆืจื™ืš ืžื‘ื˜ ืจื—ื‘ ื•ื›ื•ืœืœ, ืฉืžืชื‘ืกืก ืขืœ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ื•ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื™ื. ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘-Eulerpool ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื•ื”ืžืขืžื™ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืœ ืžื“ื“ ื–ื”, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ืชืžื•ื ืช ืขืœ ืจื—ื‘ื” ื•ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ืื•ื“ื•ืช ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืฉื•ืง ื•ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ืœืขืชื™ื“. ื”ืฆื˜ืจืคื• ืืœื™ื ื• ืขื•ื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื•ืงื‘ืœื• ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื™ื“ืข ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื•ืืžื™ืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื, ืฉื™ืขื–ืจื• ืœื›ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืœืขื•ืžืง ืืช ื”ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื•ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช. ืื ื• ื‘-Eulerpool ืžื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื™ื ืœืกืคืง ืœื›ื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžื”ื™ืžืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช ื•ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืขื•ืœืžื•ืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช.