ืขืฉื ืืช ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืฉื ืืืื
ืคืืืื ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช
ืฉืขืจ
ืืขืจื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ื-ืคืืืื ืืื 9,100 Units. ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ื-ืคืืืื ืืจื ื-9,100 Units ื-1.4.2025, ืืืืจ ืฉืืื 10,200 Units ื-1.3.2025. ื-1.11.2001 ืขื 1.4.2025, ืืชืืฆืจ ืืืงืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฆืข ื-ืคืืืื ืืื 40,913.48 Units. ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉื ื-1.4.2008 ืขื 85,500 Units, ืืขืื ืฉืืขืจื ืื ืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืงืื ื-1.4.2020 ืขื 400 Units.
ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ยท
ืฉืืืฉ ืฉื ืื
ืืืฉ ืฉื ืื
ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ืื
25 ืฉื ื
ืืงืก
ืืืฆืืจ ืจืื | |
---|---|
1.11.2001 | 24,000 Units |
1.12.2001 | 19,900 Units |
1.1.2002 | 31,600 Units |
1.2.2002 | 27,300 Units |
1.3.2002 | 25,300 Units |
1.4.2002 | 21,900 Units |
1.5.2002 | 20,400 Units |
1.6.2002 | 22,000 Units |
1.7.2002 | 25,400 Units |
1.8.2002 | 4,000 Units |
1.9.2002 | 27,800 Units |
1.10.2002 | 27,200 Units |
1.11.2002 | 29,800 Units |
1.12.2002 | 24,900 Units |
1.1.2003 | 22,900 Units |
1.2.2003 | 11,600 Units |
1.3.2003 | 28,800 Units |
1.4.2003 | 25,500 Units |
1.5.2003 | 30,500 Units |
1.6.2003 | 28,400 Units |
1.7.2003 | 33,600 Units |
1.8.2003 | 13,400 Units |
1.9.2003 | 32,600 Units |
1.10.2003 | 39,900 Units |
1.11.2003 | 34,900 Units |
1.12.2003 | 35,900 Units |
1.1.2004 | 40,400 Units |
1.2.2004 | 41,200 Units |
1.3.2004 | 51,000 Units |
1.4.2004 | 48,100 Units |
1.5.2004 | 47,800 Units |
1.6.2004 | 49,400 Units |
1.7.2004 | 44,100 Units |
1.8.2004 | 23,400 Units |
1.9.2004 | 47,500 Units |
1.10.2004 | 45,100 Units |
1.11.2004 | 44,700 Units |
1.12.2004 | 39,800 Units |
1.1.2005 | 44,100 Units |
1.2.2005 | 44,400 Units |
1.3.2005 | 45,700 Units |
1.4.2005 | 46,600 Units |
1.5.2005 | 36,500 Units |
1.6.2005 | 48,900 Units |
1.7.2005 | 43,600 Units |
1.8.2005 | 24,400 Units |
1.9.2005 | 52,300 Units |
1.10.2005 | 54,100 Units |
1.11.2005 | 52,400 Units |
1.12.2005 | 47,100 Units |
1.1.2006 | 49,600 Units |
1.2.2006 | 51,400 Units |
1.3.2006 | 57,100 Units |
1.4.2006 | 52,100 Units |
1.5.2006 | 56,600 Units |
1.6.2006 | 56,700 Units |
1.7.2006 | 56,700 Units |
1.8.2006 | 29,700 Units |
1.9.2006 | 60,600 Units |
1.10.2006 | 60,200 Units |
1.11.2006 | 54,800 Units |
1.12.2006 | 46,800 Units |
1.1.2007 | 57,500 Units |
1.2.2007 | 54,800 Units |
1.3.2007 | 63,200 Units |
1.4.2007 | 54,200 Units |
1.5.2007 | 51,800 Units |
1.6.2007 | 55,100 Units |
1.7.2007 | 50,100 Units |
1.8.2007 | 44,000 Units |
1.9.2007 | 64,200 Units |
1.10.2007 | 74,300 Units |
1.11.2007 | 68,500 Units |
1.12.2007 | 57,300 Units |
1.1.2008 | 71,400 Units |
1.2.2008 | 73,500 Units |
1.3.2008 | 77,100 Units |
1.4.2008 | 85,500 Units |
1.5.2008 | 74,400 Units |
1.6.2008 | 77,500 Units |
1.7.2008 | 78,800 Units |
1.8.2008 | 39,900 Units |
1.9.2008 | 80,100 Units |
1.10.2008 | 72,800 Units |
1.11.2008 | 58,100 Units |
1.12.2008 | 51,300 Units |
1.1.2009 | 53,600 Units |
1.2.2009 | 64,500 Units |
1.3.2009 | 81,500 Units |
1.4.2009 | 72,300 Units |
1.5.2009 | 70,400 Units |
1.6.2009 | 70,700 Units |
1.7.2009 | 69,600 Units |
1.8.2009 | 39,800 Units |
1.9.2009 | 74,700 Units |
1.10.2009 | 81,600 Units |
1.11.2009 | 74,700 Units |
1.12.2009 | 65,400 Units |
1.1.2010 | 70,500 Units |
1.2.2010 | 72,600 Units |
1.3.2010 | 83,300 Units |
1.4.2010 | 72,600 Units |
1.5.2010 | 69,300 Units |
1.6.2010 | 77,900 Units |
1.7.2010 | 72,200 Units |
1.8.2010 | 26,700 Units |
1.9.2010 | 68,200 Units |
1.10.2010 | 57,400 Units |
1.11.2010 | 59,400 Units |
1.12.2010 | 54,700 Units |
1.1.2011 | 64,700 Units |
1.2.2011 | 72,500 Units |
1.3.2011 | 79,400 Units |
1.4.2011 | 67,800 Units |
1.5.2011 | 68,700 Units |
1.6.2011 | 67,600 Units |
1.7.2011 | 61,900 Units |
1.8.2011 | 36,300 Units |
1.9.2011 | 62,300 Units |
1.10.2011 | 56,000 Units |
1.11.2011 | 53,900 Units |
1.12.2011 | 49,100 Units |
1.1.2012 | 56,200 Units |
1.2.2012 | 59,700 Units |
1.3.2012 | 56,100 Units |
1.4.2012 | 45,600 Units |
1.5.2012 | 46,500 Units |
1.6.2012 | 49,500 Units |
1.7.2012 | 43,900 Units |
1.8.2012 | 27,400 Units |
1.9.2012 | 42,400 Units |
1.10.2012 | 44,500 Units |
1.11.2012 | 38,400 Units |
1.12.2012 | 29,500 Units |
1.1.2013 | 41,600 Units |
1.2.2013 | 39,100 Units |
1.3.2013 | 42,400 Units |
1.4.2013 | 44,700 Units |
1.5.2013 | 40,800 Units |
1.6.2013 | 46,200 Units |
1.7.2013 | 45,800 Units |
1.8.2013 | 26,700 Units |
1.9.2013 | 43,000 Units |
1.10.2013 | 40,700 Units |
1.11.2013 | 37,200 Units |
1.12.2013 | 26,900 Units |
1.1.2014 | 39,400 Units |
1.2.2014 | 40,900 Units |
1.3.2014 | 44,300 Units |
1.4.2014 | 45,800 Units |
1.5.2014 | 46,500 Units |
1.6.2014 | 44,400 Units |
1.7.2014 | 44,200 Units |
1.8.2014 | 20,700 Units |
1.9.2014 | 41,700 Units |
1.10.2014 | 36,100 Units |
1.11.2014 | 36,700 Units |
1.12.2014 | 31,900 Units |
1.1.2015 | 46,400 Units |
1.2.2015 | 50,100 Units |
1.3.2015 | 55,100 Units |
1.4.2015 | 49,000 Units |
1.5.2015 | 49,700 Units |
1.6.2015 | 47,500 Units |
1.7.2015 | 57,600 Units |
1.8.2015 | 21,500 Units |
1.9.2015 | 39,600 Units |
1.10.2015 | 42,800 Units |
1.11.2015 | 42,000 Units |
1.12.2015 | 33,400 Units |
1.1.2016 | 46,500 Units |
1.2.2016 | 52,400 Units |
1.3.2016 | 55,700 Units |
1.4.2016 | 52,500 Units |
1.5.2016 | 47,300 Units |
1.6.2016 | 57,100 Units |
1.7.2016 | 38,000 Units |
1.8.2016 | 28,500 Units |
1.9.2016 | 50,700 Units |
1.10.2016 | 41,500 Units |
1.11.2016 | 40,800 Units |
1.12.2016 | 43,600 Units |
1.1.2017 | 47,700 Units |
1.2.2017 | 50,900 Units |
1.3.2017 | 59,500 Units |
1.4.2017 | 49,700 Units |
1.5.2017 | 48,200 Units |
1.6.2017 | 46,600 Units |
1.7.2017 | 32,900 Units |
1.8.2017 | 24,700 Units |
1.9.2017 | 38,000 Units |
1.10.2017 | 45,500 Units |
1.11.2017 | 43,600 Units |
1.12.2017 | 27,400 Units |
1.1.2018 | 39,200 Units |
1.2.2018 | 43,800 Units |
1.3.2018 | 47,400 Units |
1.4.2018 | 43,300 Units |
1.5.2018 | 43,400 Units |
1.6.2018 | 44,200 Units |
1.7.2018 | 32,100 Units |
1.8.2018 | 17,000 Units |
1.9.2018 | 35,100 Units |
1.10.2018 | 45,000 Units |
1.11.2018 | 33,400 Units |
1.12.2018 | 27,700 Units |
1.1.2019 | 32,100 Units |
1.2.2019 | 38,500 Units |
1.3.2019 | 41,900 Units |
1.4.2019 | 43,400 Units |
1.5.2019 | 43,000 Units |
1.6.2019 | 39,200 Units |
1.7.2019 | 37,800 Units |
1.8.2019 | 19,100 Units |
1.9.2019 | 40,700 Units |
1.10.2019 | 36,100 Units |
1.11.2019 | 33,400 Units |
1.12.2019 | 29,500 Units |
1.1.2020 | 37,800 Units |
1.2.2020 | 41,900 Units |
1.3.2020 | 20,100 Units |
1.4.2020 | 400 Units |
1.5.2020 | 3,500 Units |
1.6.2020 | 18,900 Units |
1.7.2020 | 26,400 Units |
1.8.2020 | 19,900 Units |
1.9.2020 | 31,100 Units |
1.10.2020 | 28,300 Units |
1.11.2020 | 30,100 Units |
1.12.2020 | 20,500 Units |
1.1.2021 | 18,000 Units |
1.2.2021 | 24,300 Units |
1.3.2021 | 30,700 Units |
1.4.2021 | 24,300 Units |
1.5.2021 | 24,100 Units |
1.6.2021 | 18,800 Units |
1.7.2021 | 11,600 Units |
1.8.2021 | 9,600 Units |
1.9.2021 | 15,100 Units |
1.10.2021 | 21,000 Units |
1.11.2021 | 18,900 Units |
1.12.2021 | 17,300 Units |
1.1.2022 | 16,700 Units |
1.2.2022 | 19,600 Units |
1.3.2022 | 14,500 Units |
1.4.2022 | 24,400 Units |
1.5.2022 | 23,600 Units |
1.6.2022 | 20,700 Units |
1.7.2022 | 26,400 Units |
1.8.2022 | 16,800 Units |
1.9.2022 | 19,800 Units |
1.10.2022 | 31,900 Units |
1.11.2022 | 24,400 Units |
1.12.2022 | 16,300 Units |
1.1.2023 | 20,800 Units |
1.2.2023 | 20,800 Units |
1.3.2023 | 31,000 Units |
1.4.2023 | 26,800 Units |
1.5.2023 | 25,200 Units |
1.6.2023 | 27,900 Units |
1.7.2023 | 26,100 Units |
1.8.2023 | 19,500 Units |
1.9.2023 | 27,900 Units |
1.10.2023 | 26,700 Units |
1.11.2023 | 27,700 Units |
1.12.2023 | 18,900 Units |
1.1.2024 | 29,500 Units |
1.2.2024 | 29,300 Units |
1.3.2024 | 21,000 Units |
1.4.2024 | 27,500 Units |
1.5.2024 | 22,300 Units |
1.6.2024 | 24,500 Units |
1.7.2024 | 7,300 Units |
1.8.2024 | 8,300 Units |
1.9.2024 | 10,200 Units |
1.10.2024 | 15,200 Units |
1.11.2024 | 12,300 Units |
1.12.2024 | 8,800 Units |
1.1.2025 | 6,100 Units |
1.2.2025 | 7,700 Units |
1.3.2025 | 10,200 Units |
1.4.2025 | 9,100 Units |
ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืืกืืืจืื
ืชืืจืื | ืขืจื |
---|---|
1.4.2025 | 9,100 Units |
1.3.2025 | 10,200 Units |
1.2.2025 | 7,700 Units |
1.1.2025 | 6,100 Units |
1.12.2024 | 8,800 Units |
1.11.2024 | 12,300 Units |
1.10.2024 | 15,200 Units |
1.9.2024 | 10,200 Units |
1.8.2024 | 8,300 Units |
1.7.2024 | 7,300 Units |
ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืืื ื-ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช
ืฉื | ื ืืืื | ืงืืื | ืชืืืจืืช |
---|---|---|---|
๐ต๐ฑ ืืืฉืืจื ืจืืืื ืืฉืืืืื | 2,552 Units | 2,311 Units | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืงืืื ืขืกืงื | โ-6.4 points | โ-6.2 points | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืืื ืืช ืืืฉืืช | 101.4 points | 126 points | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืืฆืืจ ืืฉืื | 13,936.793 Gigawatt-hour | 15,613.698 Gigawatt-hour | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืืฆืืจ ืชืขืฉืืืชื | 1.7 % | 3 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืืฆืืจ ืชืขืฉืืืชื ืืืืืฉ | โ-1.4 % | 0 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืฆืืจ ืืจืืื | โ-10.6 % | โ-6 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืืื PMI ืืชืขืฉืืื | 50.2 points | 50.7 points | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ื ืืฆืื ืงืืืืืช | 77.6 % | 76.1 % | ืจืืขืื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืจืืืื ืืืืจื | 287.829 ืืืืืืจื PLN | 217.725 ืืืืืืจื PLN | ืจืืขืื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืจืืฉืืื ืจืื | 46,978 Units | 53,062 Units | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืจืืฉืืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืกืขืื YoY | 5.8 % | 6.3 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืื | 7.701 ืืืืืืจื PLN | 18.674 ืืืืืืจื PLN | ืจืืขืื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืชืขืฉืืื | 1.2 % | 2.4 % | ืืืืฉื |
๐ต๐ฑ ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืฆืื ื | 1.752 ืืืืืื Tonnes | 1.713 ืืืืืื Tonnes | ืืืืฉื |
ืืคื ืืืงืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืจืืช ื ืืืจืืคื
- ๐ฆ๐ฑืืืื ืื
- ๐ฆ๐นืืืกืืจืื
- ๐ง๐พืืืืจืืก
- ๐ง๐ชืืืืื
- ๐ง๐ฆืืืกื ืื ืืืจืฆืืืืื ื
- ๐ง๐ฌืืืืืจืื
- ๐ญ๐ทืงืจืืืืื
- ๐จ๐พืงืคืจืืกืื
- ๐จ๐ฟืจืคืืืืืงื ืฆ'ืืืช
- ๐ฉ๐ฐืื ืืจืง
- ๐ช๐ชืืกืืื ืื
- ๐ซ๐ดืืื ืคืืจื
- ๐ซ๐ฎืคืื ืื ื
- ๐ซ๐ทืฆืจืคืช
- ๐ฉ๐ชืืจืื ืื
- ๐ฌ๐ทืืืื
- ๐ญ๐บืืื ืืจืื
- ๐ฎ๐ธืื
- ๐ฎ๐ชืืืจืื ื
- ๐ฎ๐นืืืืืื
- ๐ฝ๐ฐืงืืกืืื
- ๐ฑ๐ปืืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐ฎืืืืื ืฉืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐นืืืื
- ๐ฑ๐บืืืงืกืืืืจื
- ๐ฒ๐ฐืฆืคืื ืืงืืื ืื
- ๐ฒ๐นืืืื
- ๐ฒ๐ฉืืืืืืื
- ๐ฒ๐จืืื ืืงื
- ๐ฒ๐ชืืื ืื ืืจื
- ๐ณ๐ฑืืืื ื
- ๐ณ๐ดื ืืจืืืืื
- ๐ต๐นืคืืจืืืื
- ๐ท๐ดืจืืื ืื
- ๐ท๐บืจืืกืื
- ๐ท๐ธืกืจืืื
- ๐ธ๐ฐืกืืืืงืื
- ๐ธ๐ฎืกืืืื ืื
- ๐ช๐ธืกืคืจื
- ๐ธ๐ชืฉืืืืื
- ๐จ๐ญืฉืืืืฅ
- ๐บ๐ฆืืืงืจืืื ื
- ๐ฌ๐งืืืืื ืืืืืืืช
- ๐ฆ๐ฉืื ืืืจื
ืืื ืืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช
ืชืืื "ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช" ืืงืืืืจืื ืืืืงืจื-ืืืืืืช ืืชืืจ ืืช ืชืืืืื ืืืืฆืืจ, ืืคืืชืื, ืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืื ืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืช. ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืฉืืขืืชืืื ืืืืชืจ, ืืืฉืคืืข ืขื ืฉืื ืขื ืคืื ื ืจืืืื ืืืขืืงืจ ืขื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉื ืืขืืื. ืืืชืจ ืฉืื ื, "Eulerpool", ืื ื ืืกืคืงืื ืืืืข ืืงืฆืืขื ืืืงืืฃ ืขื ื ืชืื ื ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช, ืืืฆืืขืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืืขืืืงืืช ืืงืื ืจืื ืฉื ืืฉืงืืขืื, ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืื. ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืจืืื, ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืืช ืจืื ืื ืืืข ืืฉืืง ืืขืืืื, ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืืช, ืืืืฉืคืขืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืจืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืช ืืฉืคืขืช ืืชืขืฉืืื ืขื ืืชื"ื, ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื. ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืจืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืฆืื ืฉื ืืืงื ืืจืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืฆืืจ. ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืจืื ืืืืืืืืช ืืชืืคืืื ืช ืืจืฉืช ืืกืคืงื ืืื-ืืืืืืช ืฉืืืกืืจืชื ืื ืืืื ื ืชืืจืืช ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืืฆืืจ ืืืืื. ืืืื ืืช ืืกืืืืืช ืืชืืืืช ืืืืฆืืจ ืืืฉืืืืง ืฉื ืืจืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืงืืืื, ืืขืื ืืืจืืช ืืกืคืงืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืกืืกืืื ืืืชืจ, ืืืืืช ืืชืืืช ืืขืื. ืฉืืชืืฃ ืืคืขืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืคืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืชืืฉื ืืชืคืืงื ืืฉืืคืืจ ืืืืืืช ืืืืฆืจืื. ืื ืืกืฃ, ืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืงืื ืคืืชืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืช. ืืืฉืงืขืืช ืืืืงืจ ืืคืืชืื ืื ืืืืืืืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืขื ืคื ืืชืขืฉืืื, ืืืืืืช ืืกืืก ืืืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืชืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื. ืืจืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืชืงืืืืช, ืืขืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืืื, ืืืืืืจืืืช ืืชืงืืืช, ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืขืชืื ืฉื ืชืืื ืืชืืืืจื. ืืืืื ืืืืืื, ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืข ืืฉืื ืืืืืก ืืื ืขืืืื ืืืขืกืงื. ืืชืขืฉืืื ืืขืกืืงื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืจืืื ืืขืืื, ืืืฉืคืืขื ืขื ืืฉืจืืช ืจืืืช ืื ืืืืฅ ืืชืืื ืืืืฆืืจ ืืืฉืืจ - ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืงืจ ืืคืืชืื, ืืจื ืื ืฉื ืฉืืืืง ืืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืขืืืื ืืืกืคืงื ืืฉืื ืื. ืืขืืื ืืืืืจื ื ืืฆืื ืืชืืจืื ืจืืื ืืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืื ืืืช, ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืขืืจ ืืืืืื ืืจืืงื ืืืชืจ. ืืฉืืืืฉ ืืื ืจืืืืช ืืชืืืฉืืช, ืืื ืื ืคืืชืื ืืืืฆืืจ ืฉื ืจืืืื ืืฉืืืืื, ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืืืช ืืฉืืง ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืจืื. ืืขืืืื ืืืืืขืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืืืื ืืฆื ืืื, ืืืืืจื ืื ืคื ืืืฉืชื ืื ืืฆื ืฉื ื, ืืืืืื ืงืืืืืืืจ ืืฉืื ืืฉืื ืื ืคืจืืคืื ืืืืฆืืจ ืืืืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื. ืื ืืกืฃ ืืื, ืชืขืฉืืืช ืืจืื ืืฉืคืืขื ืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืขืืื. ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืฆืจื ืจืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืืื ืืช ืจืืืช, ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืง ืืฉืืขืืชื ืืืชื"ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืจืื ืื, ืืคื ืืืจืฆืืช ืืืจืืช. ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืจืืืืช ื ืื ืืช ืืฉืืชืืคื ืคืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืืช, ืืขืืงืจ ืืจื ืืืจืืช ืกืืจืืืค ืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืืืฆืืืช ืคืชืจืื ืืช ืืืฉื ืืื ืืชืืื. ืืกืงืืจื ืืืงืืคื ืฉืื ื ื-Eulerpool, ืื ื ืืกืคืงืื ื ืชืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืฉืืืืื ืืืืืืงืื ืฉืืชืืจืื ืืช ืืฆื ืืฉืืง, ืชืืืืืช ืืขืชืื ืื ืืชืืืื ืืขืืืงืื ืฉืืืืกืกืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืงืืจืืช ืืืืข ืจืืืื ืืืขืืืื ืื. ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืคืฉืจ ืืื ื ืืขืืืงื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืงืืช ืืฉืืง ืืืฉืคืขืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืืืืืช. ืืกืืืื, ืชืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืืช ืืชืคืชื ืืืชืืืฉ ืืืืคื ืชืืืจ. ืืืชืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืงืืืืืช ืืชืืื ืื ืืืจืฉืื ืืื ื ืืขืืืงื ืื ืืื ืืช ืืืกืชืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืชืืืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืืืืืื. ืืืชืจ "Eulerpool" ืื ื ืืฆืืขืื ืืช ืื ืืืืืข ืืื ืชืื ืื ืืืจืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืขืื ืืื ืืขืงืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืชืืืืืื ืืืขืฆืืื ืืช ืืชืืื, ืืื ืฆื ืืช ืืืืข ืืื ืืฆืืจื ืงืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืืืช. ืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืืืฆืืจืฃ ืืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืืืง ืืงืืืืช ืืืฉืชืืฉืื ืืืงืฆืืขืืื ืฉืื ื, ืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืื, ืืืืืชื ืืืชืงืื.