ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืš

23,8 % ร˜-Performance der Fair-Value-Strategie seit 2003
ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืž-2 ืื™ืจื•
Analyse
ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น

ืœื™ื˜ื ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื

ืฉืขืจ

148.34 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ +/-
+1.3 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ %
+0.88 %

ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื‘-ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ื•ื 148.34 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื‘-ืœื™ื˜ื ืขืœื” ืœ-148.34 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘-1.4.2025, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื” 147.04 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘-1.3.2025. ืž-1.1.1996 ืขื“ 1.4.2025, ื”ืชืž"ื’ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘-ืœื™ื˜ื ื”ื™ื” 97.01 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช. ื”ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื‘-1.4.2025 ืขื 148.34 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื ืจืฉื ื‘-1.1.1996 ืขื 61.45 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช.

ืžืงื•ืจ: EUROSTAT

ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื

  • ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื

  • 25 ืฉื ื”

  • ืžืงืก

ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ื”ืœื™ื‘ื”

ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”

ืชืืจื™ืšืขืจืš
1.4.2025148.34 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.3.2025147.04 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.2.2025146.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.1.2025145.78 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.12.2024145.59 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.11.2024145.66 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.10.2024145.53 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.9.2024145.41 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.8.2024144.57 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1.7.2024145.1 ื ืงื•ื“ื•ืช
1
2
3
4
5
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36

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืงืจื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœ-ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื

ืฉืื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืงื•ื“ืืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
CPI ืชื—ื‘ื•ืจื”
144.106 points145.709 pointsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื™ืช ืžื–ื•ืŸ
5 %4.5 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื™ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื™ืฆืจื ื™ื ืœื—ื•ื“ืฉ
โ€Ž-1.9 %โ€Ž-1.4 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื“ื“ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ (CPI)
159.19 points159.02 pointsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื“ื“ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื“ื™ื•ืจ ื•ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื ืœื•ื•ืช
163.524 points168.471 pointsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื™ื‘ื•ื
113.5 points113.5 pointsืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื™ืฆื•ื
108.8 points109.7 pointsืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื™ืฆืจืŸ
117.4 points119.6 pointsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื›ืŸ ืžืื•ื—ื“ื™ื
156.09 points155.78 pointsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืžืคืœื˜ ื”ืชืž"ื’
131.4 points133.9 pointsืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื‘ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื™ืฆืจืŸ
โ€Ž-3.5 %โ€Ž-1.5 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”
4.1 %4.1 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืœื™ื‘ื™ืช
3 %3 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื–ืŸ MoM
0.2 %0.4 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื”ืžืื•ื—ื“ ืฉื ืชื™
3.6 %3.7 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ฑ๐Ÿ‡น
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
0.1 %0.4 %ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™

ื“ืคื™ ืžืืงืจื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”

ืžื”ื• ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื

ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” (Core Consumer Prices, ื‘ืงื™ืฆื•ืจ: CCP) ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืขื™ืงืจื™ื™ื ื‘ื–ื™ืจื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืจื ื™ืช. ืžื“ื“ ื–ื”, ืžื“ื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืœืฉื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืงื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื™ ืขื™ืงืจื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื™ื ืžื™ืงื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื ืชืžื›ืช ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืฉื•ืงื™ื™ื ื•ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื™ืงืฃ. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool ื”ื ื—ืฉื‘ ืœืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืœื”ืฆื’ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ืื ื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ืจื‘ื” ืœืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื” ื–ื• ื•ืžืคื ื™ื ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื ื ื™ื›ืจื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื ืชื” ื•ื”ืฆื’ืชื” ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช. ื‘ืžืืžืจ ื–ื” ื ืกืงื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ 'ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื”', ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื• ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ื ื‘ื—ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉืคืขืชื• ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืชื•ืš ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื›ืœื™ ืื ืœื™ื˜ื™ ื•ืคื™ืจื•ื˜ื™ ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื™ื. 'ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื”' ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืœืžื“ื“ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืฉื ืงื‘ืข ื›ืืฉืจ ื ื•ื˜ืจืœื™ื ืžืžื ื• ืื•ืชื ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื ื•ื“ืชื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืžื• ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ืื ืจื’ื™ื”. ืžืฉืงืœื” ืฉืœ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื–ื• ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื‘ืงื‘ื™ืขืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ืงื™ื ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื™ื ื•ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช, ืฉื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื ืžืขื ื™ืงื” ืชืžื•ื ื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื” ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืง. ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื”, ื›ื™ื“ื•ืข, ื”ื™ื ื” ืชื•ืคืขื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉื‘ื” ื—ืœื” ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช ื•ื›ื•ืœืœืช ื‘ืจืžืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœืœื™ืช, ื•ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื” ื›ืจ ื ืจื—ื‘ ืœื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช, ื”ืชื—ื–ื™ืช ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื•ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ื”ืกื—ืจ ื•ื”ืชืขืกื•ืงื”. ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืžืจื›ื–ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื”, ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ ื”ืžื–ื•ืŸ ื•ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืœืชื ื•ื“ืชื™ื•ืช ื—ืจื™ืคื” ื‘ืฉืœ ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื, ืงืฆืจื™ ืžื•ืขื“ ื•ืฉืื™ื ื ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ืืช ืžื’ืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ืง ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื•ืช (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ ืžื–ื’ ื”ืื•ื•ื™ืจ, ืืกื•ื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืข, ืžืชื—ื™ื ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื•ื›ื•'). ืขืœ ื›ืŸ, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกืจืช ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืœื• ืžื”ืžื“ื“ ื”ื›ื•ืœืœ, ืžืชืงื‘ืœืช ืชืžื•ื ื” ืžื™ื™ืฆื’ืช ื•ืžืจื•ื›ื–ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื•, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžืกื•ื“ืจืช ื›ืžื• ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool, ืžืกื™ื™ืขื™ื ืœืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื‘ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื•ื ื•ืช โ€“ ืžืงื•ื‘ืขื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ืช ื•ืขื“ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืคืจื˜ื™ื™ื โ€“ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ืžืชืžืฉื›ื™ื ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื”. ืžื“ื“ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื ืžื•ืš ืžื•ืจื” ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ืช ื•ืžื•ืชื™ืจ ืžืจื—ื‘ ืคืขื•ืœื” ืœืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ืืจื™ืช ืžืจื—ื™ื‘ื”, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื“ื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ืœื—ืฅ ืœื”ืขืœืื•ืช ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ืฆืขื“ื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืฆืžืฆืžื™ื. ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœื›ืš, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืžื“ื“ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉืžืฉ ื›ืืžืฆืขื™ ืœื ื™ื‘ื•ื™ ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžืงื ื” ืœื• ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœืช ื”ืฉื•ื•ืงื™ื, ื”ืชื›ื ื•ืŸ ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื•ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื” ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช. ื‘ืงืจื‘ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ื‘ืขืœื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™, ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ ื•ืžืขืงื‘ ืื—ืจ ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ื‘ื• ื”ื™ื ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ืช ืœื ื™ืชื•ื— ื ื›ืกื™ื ื•ืชื™ืงื™ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช. ื‘ืžื‘ื˜ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™, ื ืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ืช ื›ืœื™ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžืฆื‘ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืชื™ื”ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉื‘ืจ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืกื™ื ื•ืžื’ืžื•ืช ืฉืžืชื‘ื˜ืื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉื•ื ื” ื•ืžื’ื•ื•ื ืช ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืง ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืงืจื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืœืžืงื‘ืœื™ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืชืื’ื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื. ืื—ื“ ื”ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื‘ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžื“ื“ื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ื“ื™ื™ืงื ื•ืช ื•ืžื”ื™ืžื ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื. ื›ืœื™ ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื, ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืืช ืœื™ื‘ืช ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ื–ื•. ืืชืจ Eulerpool ืฉื ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื’ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืชืงื“ืžืช, ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื•ื ื•ื—ื” ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ื›ืš ืฉืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืจื‘ ืžื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ืžื™ืŸ. ื›ืžื• ื›ืŸ, ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ื›ืœื›ืœื•ืช ืžืชืคืชื—ื•ืช, ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืชื’ืจื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ืจ ื‘ื ืชื•ื ื™ื, ืืžืฆืขื™ ื ื™ื˜ื•ืจ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื‘ืฉื™ื˜ื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื“ื”. ื‘ืžืงืจื™ื ืืœื•, ื ื“ืจืฉ ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช ื”ื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื•ื“ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื˜ืœื•ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืชื ืื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ื—ื‘ืจื”, ื•ืชืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื“ื’ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ื”ื“ื•ืง ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ืœืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื. ืœืžืฉืœ, ืงืฆื‘ ื”ืื™ื ืคืœืฆื™ื” ื‘ืื–ื•ืจื™ ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื“ื™ ื“ื™ื•ืจ, ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช, ื•ืจืคื•ืื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืฉืคื•ืš ืื•ืจ ืขืœ ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ืชื•ื—ื™ื ืจื‘-ืชื—ื•ืžื™ื™ื. ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืžื•ืฉื’ 'ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื”' ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืžืข ื˜ื›ื ื™ ื•ืžื•ืจื›ื‘, ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื“ื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืขืžื™ืง ืืช ื”ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื•ืœื™ื™ืฉื ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื ืจื›ืฉ ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ื”. ื‘ืืชืจ Eulerpool ืื ื• ืžื—ื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืืกืคืงืช ืžื™ื“ืข ืขื“ื›ื ื™ ื•ืžื“ื•ื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืงืœ ืขืœ ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื•ืœื”ื’ื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื•ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืฉืœื ื•. ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ื‘ื ืช ืžื—ื™ืจื™ื ืœืฆืจื›ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ื” ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ืืชื ืžื•ื–ืžื ื™ื ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืœื›ื, ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื˜ืจื ื“ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ืง ื•ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืžื”ืœื›ื™ื ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ื ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ื’ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื•ื’ื ื‘ืจืžื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช.