Terminal Access

ืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื™ื™ืš

Bloomberg Fair Value
20M Securities
50Y History
10Y Estimates
8.000+ News Daily
ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืž-2 ืื™ืจื•
Analyse
ืคืจื•ืคื™ืœ
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช

ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช

ืฉืขืจ

13
ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ +/-
+1
ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ %
+8.00 %

ื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ืฉืœ ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘-ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื•ื 13 . ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘-ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ืขืœืชื” ืœ-13 ื‘-1.1.2024, ืœืื—ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” 12 ื‘-1.1.2023. ืž-1.1.1998 ืขื“ 1.1.2024, ื”ืชืœ"ื’ ื”ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื‘-ืืกื˜ื•ื ื™ื” ื”ื™ื” 23.93 . ื”ืฉื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ื•ืฉื’ ื‘-1.1.2003 ืขื 33 , ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉื”ืขืจืš ื”ื ืžื•ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื•ืขื“ ื‘-1.1.2023 ืขื 12 .

ืžืงื•ืจ: Transparency International

ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช

  • ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื

  • ืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื™ื

  • 25 ืฉื ื”

  • ืžืงืก

ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืงื•ืจื•ืคืฆื™ื”

ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื”

ืชืืจื™ืšืขืจืš
1.1.202413
1.1.202312
1.1.202214
1.1.202113
1.1.202017
1.1.201918
1.1.201818
1.1.201721
1.1.201622
1.1.201523
1
2
3

ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ืžืงืจื• ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœ-ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช

ืฉืื ื•ื›ื—ื™ืงื•ื“ืืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช ืžืงืœื˜
100 persons125 personsื—ื•ื“ืฉื™
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
4.886 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EUR4.289 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EURืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
1.672 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EUR1.397 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EURืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืœืชืž"ื’
43.3 % of GDP40 % of GDPืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื”ื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฆื‘ืื™ื•ืช
1.19 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ USD818.3 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ USDืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
4.7 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EUR4.33 ืžื™ืœื™ืืจื“ EURืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ื—ื•ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืœืชื•ืฆืจ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื’ื•ืœืžื™
20.2 % of GDP19.1 % of GDPืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ืžื“ื“ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช
76 Points76 Pointsืฉื ืชื™
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ืขืจืš ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžืžืฉืœืชื™
โ€Ž-185.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ EUR40.8 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ EURืจื‘ืขื•ืŸ
๐Ÿ‡ช๐Ÿ‡ช
ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”
โ€Ž-2.8 % of GDPโ€Ž-1.1 % of GDPืฉื ืชื™

ืื™ื ื“ืงืก ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžื“ืจื’ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืคื™ ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ื ืชืคืกืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœื”ืŸ. ื”ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืฉืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืื• ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื™ืงื•ืžื” ื‘ื™ื—ืก ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ืื™ื ื“ืงืก.

ื“ืคื™ ืžืืงืจื• ืœืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื‘ ืื™ืจื•ืคื”

ืžื”ื• ื“ืจื’ืช ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช

ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื”ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืžืกืคืง ืžื™ื“ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ืœืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•ืœืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช. ื‘ืืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•, 'ืื™ืœืจืคื•ืœ (Eulerpool)', ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืืžื™ื ื”, ื•ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืชื•ืคืก ืžืงื•ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืžื™ ืฉืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื›ืืฉืจ ืื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื“ ืฉืžื•ื“ื“ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืชืคืกืช ื‘ืžื’ื–ืจ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืžื“ื“ ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ืจื—ื‘ ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉืงื™ื ื•ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื, ื”ื—ืœ ืžืžืขืฉื™ ืฉื•ื—ื“ ื•ืขื“ ืœื ื™ืฆื•ืœ ื›ื•ื— ืœืจืขื”, ืชืงื ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ, ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืช ื•ื›ืœื” ื‘ืขืงื™ืคืช ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื. ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืœ ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ื™ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื ืืกืคื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืœืื•ืžื™ื™ื ื›ืžื• Transparency International, ืืฉืจ ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ืžื“ื™ ืฉื ื” ืืช ืžื“ื“ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช (CPI). ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืืœื• ืžื‘ื•ืกืกื™ื ืขืœ ืกืงืจื™ื ื•ืงื‘ื™ืขื•ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช, ื•ื”ื ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืชืคืกืช ื‘ืงืฉืช ืจื—ื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ื, ืคืงื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืžืžื“ื™ื ืชื. ืžื“ื•ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืžืงืจื•-ื›ืœื›ืœื”? ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ืจืžืช ื”ืืžื•ืŸ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ ื‘ืžื•ืกื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืœืžืขืฉื” ืžืฉืคื™ืข ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืืงืœื™ื ื”ืขืกืงื™ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื™ืชืจื” ืžื–ืืช, ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ืจืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœื ืื—ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืœืจืขื” ืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช, ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื ืจืžื•ืช ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื ื”ื ื•ืช ืžืฆืžื™ื—ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจื™ืื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืžื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื–ืจื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืชื‘ื˜ื ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื“ืจื›ื™ื. ื”ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื›ืœื•ืœ ืžืชืŸ ื•ืงื‘ืœืช ืฉื•ื—ื“, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืืฉืจ ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ื’ืจื•ืขื•ืช ื‘ืžื›ืจื–ื™ื ืžืžืฉืœืชื™ื™ื ืื• ื‘ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื•ืช ืขื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืชืงื ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื™ื ืœืจื™ืฉื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ื. ืงื•ืจืื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ื’ื ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืžืžืฉืœื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืคื’ื•ืข ื‘ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื‘ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ืœืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื•ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื›ืื—ื“. ื‘ืžื“ื“ื™ื ืขืฆืžื, ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื ืžื“ื“ ื‘ืกื•ืœื ื”ื ืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืื” (100) ืœืืคืก (0), ื›ืืฉืจ 100 ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื ืžื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•-0 ืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืจืžื” ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช. ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ื™ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžืฉืงืคื™ื ืืช ืจืžืช ืฉืงื™ืคื•ืชื ื•ื™ื•ืฉืจื ืฉืœ ื’ืคื™ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื”ื ืžืชืžื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืขื ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื‘ืคื•ืขืœ. ื‘ืชื•ืจ ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื, ืขืกืงื™ื, ืื• ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื”ื‘ื ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ืื• ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ื ื•ืกืคื•ืช. ื”ื›ืจื” ืขื ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ืœื—ื–ื•ืช ืืช ืจืžืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกืงื™ื”ื ื•ืœืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื›ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื™ืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื”ืฉืงืขื•ืช ื”ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื. ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื‘ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช, ื™ืฉ ืกื‘ื™ืจื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ื™ืชืงืœ ื‘ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืžืื™ื™ืžื™ื ื•ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืกืจ ืืžื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ืืจืฆื™ื•ืช, ื”ืชื—ื™ื‘ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืจื•ืช ื”ืฉืงืขื” ื‘ื˜ื•ื•ื— ื”ืืจื•ืš. ื’ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืื“ื ืฉื ืืœืฅ ืœื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ ืขื ืฉื“ื” ื›ื–ื” ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉืคืข ืžื—ื•ืกืจ ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื”ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขื•ืช ืžื›ืš. ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ 'ืื™ืœืจืคื•ืœ' ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื” ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ืืฉืจ ืžืืคืฉืจืช ืœืงื”ืœ ื”ืจื—ื‘ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ืืžื™ืชื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื“ื“ื™ื ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื™ื ื›ืœืคื™ ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช. ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื”ื›ืจื— ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืฉื•ืง, ืืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ื‘ืชื—ื–ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื•ืช ื›ืœืคื™ ื›ืœ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ืœื›ืŸ, ืื ื• ืžื–ืžื™ื ื™ื ืืช ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ื‘ืืชืจ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ื•ืœืขื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื”ืžื•ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืงื˜ื’ื•ืจื™ื™ืช 'ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช'. ื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ืžืขืžื™ืง ื•ื”ืžืงื™ืฃ ื”ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื, ืžืฉืงื™ืขื™ื ื•ืื ืฉื™ ืขืกืงื™ื, ื•ื‘ื›ืš ืœืชืจื•ื ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืขืกืงื™ืช ื•ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื‘ืจืฉื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ื’ืœื•ื‘ื•ืก. ื‘ืกื™ื›ื•ื, ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื“ ื—ื™ื•ื ื™ ื•ื”ื—ืœื˜ื™ ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ืžืฆื‘ื” ื”ื›ืœืœื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ื•ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช. ื‘ืืชืจ 'ืื™ืœืจืคื•ืœ' ืื ื• ืฉื•ืืคื™ื ืœื”ืขื ื™ืง ืืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื ื”ืžืขืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืขืจื™ืš ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืืช ืžื“ื“ื™ ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ืช. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื• ืžืขื ื™ืงื™ื ืœืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืžื‘ื˜ ืจื—ื‘ ืขืœ ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื-ืขืกืงื™ื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื” ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ืช ื‘ื”ื ื”ื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืงื™ืข ืื• ืœืขืกื•ืง.